Vietnamese
Etymology
Sino-Vietnamese word from 痛苦.
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [tʰəwŋ͡m˧˦ xo˧˩]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [tʰəwŋ͡m˦˧˥ kʰow˧˨] ~ [tʰəwŋ͡m˦˧˥ xow˧˨]
- (Saigon) IPA(key): [tʰəwŋ͡m˦˥ kʰow˨˩˦] ~ [tʰəwŋ͡m˦˥ xow˨˩˦]
Adjective
thống khổ
- (literary) wretched; miserable; in agony; grievous