toilen

Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

Most likely from Anglo-Norman toilier, but possibly from Middle Dutch tuylen. Compare tilyen.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈtui̯lən/, /ˈtɔi̯lən/

Verb

toilen

  2. To fight, war, attack; to participate in a conflict.
  3. To enter into a legal case; to debate or promote a view.
  4. To toil, exert oneself; to perform agricultural work.
  5. To drag, draw; to forcibly move towards oneself.
  6. (cooking) To combine the components of a meal.
  7. (rare) To promote anguish or distraughtness; to taunt or bully.

Conjugation

Conjugation of toilen (weak in -ed)
infinitive (to) toilen, toile
present tense past tense
1st-person singular toile toiled
2nd-person singular toilest toiledest
3rd-person singular toileth toiled
subjunctive singular toile
imperative singular —
plural1 toilen, toile toileden, toilede
imperative plural toileth, toile —
participles toilynge, toilende toiled, ytoiled

1 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

  • English: toil
  • Scots: toil, tulyie, tulȝe

References

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