touer
French
Etymology
From Middle French touer, from Old French touer, from Frankish *togōn (“to tug, tow”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian toogje (“to tug, pull, tear”), English tow.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tu.e/, /twe/
Audio: (file)
Verb
touer
Conjugation
Conjugation of touer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | touer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | touant /twɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | toué /twe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | toue /tu/ |
toues /tu/ |
toue /tu/ |
touons /twɔ̃/ |
touez /twe/ |
touent /tu/ |
| imperfect | touais /twɛ/ |
touais /twɛ/ |
touait /twɛ/ |
touions /tu.jɔ̃/ |
touiez /tu.je/ |
touaient /twɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | touai /twe/ |
touas /twa/ |
toua /twa/ |
touâmes /twam/ |
touâtes /twat/ |
touèrent /twɛʁ/ | |
| future | touerai /tu.ʁe/ |
toueras /tu.ʁa/ |
touera /tu.ʁa/ |
touerons /tu.ʁɔ̃/ |
touerez /tu.ʁe/ |
toueront /tu.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | touerais /tu.ʁɛ/ |
touerais /tu.ʁɛ/ |
touerait /tu.ʁɛ/ |
touerions /tu.ʁjɔ̃/ |
toueriez /tu.ʁje/ |
toueraient /tu.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | toue /tu/ |
toues /tu/ |
toue /tu/ |
touions /tu.jɔ̃/ |
touiez /tu.je/ |
touent /tu/ |
| imperfect2 | touasse /twas/ |
touasses /twas/ |
touât /twa/ |
touassions /twa.sjɔ̃/ |
touassiez /twa.sje/ |
touassent /twas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | toue /tu/ |
— | touons /twɔ̃/ |
touez /twe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- touage
- toueur
Further reading
- “touer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.