Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-tunza (infinitive kutunza)
- to take care of, guard, observe, mind
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -tunza
|
| Positive present
|
-natunza
|
| Subjunctive
|
-tunze
|
| Negative
|
-tunzi
|
| Imperative singular
|
tunza
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kutunza
|
| Negative
|
kutotunza
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
tunza
|
| Plural
|
tunzeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hutunza
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -litunza
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kutunza
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -natunza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninatunza/natunza
|
tunatunza
|
| 2nd person
|
unatunza
|
mnatunza
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anatunza
|
wanatunza
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -natunza
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -tunzi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
situnzi
|
hatutunzi
|
| 2nd person
|
hutunzi
|
hamtunzi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hatunzi
|
hawatunzi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -tunzi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tatunza
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tatunza
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -tunze)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nitunze
|
tutunze
|
| 2nd person
|
utunze
|
mtunze
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
atunze
|
watunze
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -tunze
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -situnze
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngetunza
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singetunza
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalitunza
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalitunza
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atunza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
natunza
|
twatunza
|
| 2nd person
|
watunza
|
mwatunza
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
atunza
|
watunza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
watunza
|
yatunza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
latunza
|
yatunza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chatunza
|
vyatunza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yatunza
|
zatunza
|
| u(XI)
|
watunza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwatunza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
patunza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwatunza
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -metunza
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshatunza
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jatunza
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kitunza
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipotunza
|
| Consecutive
|
katunza / positive subject concord + -katunza
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -katunze
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nitunza
|
-tutunza
|
| 2nd person
|
-kutunza
|
-watunza/-kutunzeni/-watunzeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mtunza
|
-watunza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-utunza
|
-itunza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-litunza
|
-yatunza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kitunza
|
-vitunza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-itunza
|
-zitunza
|
| u(XI)
|
-utunza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kutunza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-patunza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mutunza
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jitunza
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tunza- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-tunzaye
|
-tunzao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-tunzao
|
-tunzayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-tunzalo
|
-tunzayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-tunzacho
|
-tunzavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-tunzayo
|
-tunzazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-tunzao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-tunzako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-tunzapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-tunzamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tunza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yetunza
|
-otunza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-otunza
|
-yotunza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lotunza
|
-yotunza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chotunza
|
-vyotunza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yotunza
|
-zotunza
|
| u(XI)
|
-otunza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kotunza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-potunza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-motunza
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms