zinga

Swahili

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu [Term?].

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

-zinga (infinitive kuzinga)

  1. to veer, swerve
  2. to wander, roam
  3. (Can we verify(+) this sense?) to philander, prostitute

Conjugation

Conjugation of -zinga
Positive present -nazinga
Subjunctive -zinge
Negative -zingi
Imperative singular zinga
Infinitives
Positive kuzinga
Negative kutozinga
Imperatives
Singular zinga
Plural zingeni
Tensed forms
Habitual huzinga
Positive past positive subject concord + -lizinga
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuzinga
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nazinga)
Singular Plural
1st person ninazinga/nazinga tunazinga
2nd person unazinga mnazinga
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anazinga wanazinga
other classes positive subject concord + -nazinga
Negative present (negative subject concord + -zingi)
Singular Plural
1st person sizingi hatuzingi
2nd person huzingi hamzingi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hazingi hawazingi
other classes negative subject concord + -zingi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tazinga
Negative future negative subject concord + -tazinga
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -zinge)
Singular Plural
1st person nizinge tuzinge
2nd person uzinge mzinge
3rd person m-wa(I/II) azinge wazinge
other classes positive subject concord + -zinge
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sizinge
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngezinga
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singezinga
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalizinga
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalizinga
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -azinga)
Singular Plural
1st person nazinga twazinga
2nd person wazinga mwazinga
3rd person m-wa(I/II) azinga wazinga
m-mi(III/IV) wazinga yazinga
ji-ma(V/VI) lazinga yazinga
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chazinga vyazinga
n(IX/X) yazinga zazinga
u(XI) wazinga see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwazinga
pa(XVI) pazinga
mu(XVIII) mwazinga
Perfect positive subject concord + -mezinga
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshazinga
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jazinga
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kizinga
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipozinga
Consecutive kazinga / positive subject concord + -kazinga
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kazinge
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nizinga -tuzinga
2nd person -kuzinga -wazinga/-kuzingeni/-wazingeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mzinga -wazinga
m-mi(III/IV) -uzinga -izinga
ji-ma(V/VI) -lizinga -yazinga
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kizinga -vizinga
n(IX/X) -izinga -zizinga
u(XI) -uzinga see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kuzinga
pa(XVI) -pazinga
mu(XVIII) -muzinga
Reflexive -jizinga
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -zinga- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -zingaye -zingao
m-mi(III/IV) -zingao -zingayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -zingalo -zingayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -zingacho -zingavyo
n(IX/X) -zingayo -zingazo
u(XI) -zingao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -zingako
pa(XVI) -zingapo
mu(XVIII) -zingamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -zinga)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yezinga -ozinga
m-mi(III/IV) -ozinga -yozinga
ji-ma(V/VI) -lozinga -yozinga
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chozinga -vyozinga
n(IX/X) -yozinga -zozinga
u(XI) -ozinga see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kozinga
pa(XVI) -pozinga
mu(XVIII) -mozinga
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

Zulu

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu [Term?].

Verb

-zinga?

  1. (intransitive) to roam, to wander

Inflection

tone L (infinitive ukuzinga)
positive negative
infinitive ukuzinga ukungazingi
imperative
simple + object concord
singular zinga -zinge
plural zingani -zingeni
present
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngiyazinga, ngizinga engizingayo, engizinga ngizinga angizingi engingazingi ngingazingi
2nd singular uyazinga, uzinga ozingayo, ozinga uzinga awuzingi ongazingi ungazingi
1st plural siyazinga, sizinga esizingayo, esizinga sizinga asizingi esingazingi singazingi
2nd plural niyazinga, nizinga enizingayo, enizinga nizinga anizingi eningazingi ningazingi
class 1 uyazinga, uzinga ozingayo, ozinga ezinga akazingi ongazingi engazingi
class 2 bayazinga, bazinga abazingayo, abazinga bezinga abazingi abangazingi bengazingi
class 3 uyazinga, uzinga ozingayo, ozinga uzinga awuzingi ongazingi ungazingi
class 4 iyazinga, izinga ezingayo, ezinga izinga ayizingi engazingi ingazingi
class 5 liyazinga, lizinga elizingayo, elizinga lizinga alizingi elingazingi lingazingi
class 6 ayazinga, azinga azingayo, azinga ezinga awazingi angazingi engazingi
class 7 siyazinga, sizinga esizingayo, esizinga sizinga asizingi esingazingi singazingi
class 8 ziyazinga, zizinga ezizingayo, ezizinga zizinga azizingi ezingazingi zingazingi
class 9 iyazinga, izinga ezingayo, ezinga izinga ayizingi engazingi ingazingi
class 10 ziyazinga, zizinga ezizingayo, ezizinga zizinga azizingi ezingazingi zingazingi
class 11 luyazinga, luzinga oluzingayo, oluzinga luzinga aluzingi olungazingi lungazingi
class 14 buyazinga, buzinga obuzingayo, obuzinga buzinga abuzingi obungazingi bungazingi
class 15 kuyazinga, kuzinga okuzingayo, okuzinga kuzinga akuzingi okungazingi kungazingi
class 17 kuyazinga, kuzinga okuzingayo, okuzinga kuzinga akuzingi okungazingi kungazingi
recent past
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngizingile, ngizingē engizingile, engizingē ngizingile, ngizingē angizinganga engingazinganga ngingazinganga
2nd singular uzingile, uzingē ozingile, ozingē uzingile, uzingē awuzinganga ongazinganga ungazinganga
1st plural sizingile, sizingē esizingile, esizingē sizingile, sizingē asizinganga esingazinganga singazinganga
2nd plural nizingile, nizingē enizingile, enizingē nizingile, nizingē anizinganga eningazinganga ningazinganga
class 1 uzingile, uzingē ozingile, ozingē ezingile, ezingē akazinganga ongazinganga engazinganga
class 2 bazingile, bazingē abazingile, abazingē bezingile, bezingē abazinganga abangazinganga bengazinganga
class 3 uzingile, uzingē ozingile, ozingē uzingile, uzingē awuzinganga ongazinganga ungazinganga
class 4 izingile, izingē ezingile, ezingē izingile, izingē ayizinganga engazinganga ingazinganga
class 5 lizingile, lizingē elizingile, elizingē lizingile, lizingē alizinganga elingazinganga lingazinganga
class 6 azingile, azingē azingile, azingē ezingile, ezingē awazinganga angazinganga engazinganga
class 7 sizingile, sizingē esizingile, esizingē sizingile, sizingē asizinganga esingazinganga singazinganga
class 8 zizingile, zizingē ezizingile, ezizingē zizingile, zizingē azizinganga ezingazinganga zingazinganga
class 9 izingile, izingē ezingile, ezingē izingile, izingē ayizinganga engazinganga ingazinganga
class 10 zizingile, zizingē ezizingile, ezizingē zizingile, zizingē azizinganga ezingazinganga zingazinganga
class 11 luzingile, luzingē oluzingile, oluzingē luzingile, luzingē aluzinganga olungazinganga lungazinganga
class 14 buzingile, buzingē obuzingile, obuzingē buzingile, buzingē abuzinganga obungazinganga bungazinganga
class 15 kuzingile, kuzingē okuzingile, okuzingē kuzingile, kuzingē akuzinganga okungazinganga kungazinganga
class 17 kuzingile, kuzingē okuzingile, okuzingē kuzingile, kuzingē akuzinganga okungazinganga kungazinganga
remote past
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngāzinga engāzinga ngāzinga angizinganga engingazinganga ngingazinganga
2nd singular wāzinga owāzinga wāzinga awuzinganga ongazinganga ungazinganga
1st plural sāzinga esāzinga sāzinga asizinganga esingazinganga singazinganga
2nd plural nāzinga enāzinga nāzinga anizinganga eningazinganga ningazinganga
class 1 wāzinga owāzinga āzinga akazinganga ongazinganga engazinganga
class 2 bāzinga abāzinga bāzinga abazinganga abangazinganga bengazinganga
class 3 wāzinga owāzinga wāzinga awuzinganga ongazinganga ungazinganga
class 4 yāzinga eyāzinga yāzinga ayizinganga engazinganga ingazinganga
class 5 lāzinga elāzinga lāzinga alizinganga elingazinganga lingazinganga
class 6 āzinga āzinga āzinga awazinganga angazinganga engazinganga
class 7 sāzinga esāzinga sāzinga asizinganga esingazinganga singazinganga
class 8 zāzinga ezāzinga zāzinga azizinganga ezingazinganga zingazinganga
class 9 yāzinga eyāzinga yāzinga ayizinganga engazinganga ingazinganga
class 10 zāzinga ezāzinga zāzinga azizinganga ezingazinganga zingazinganga
class 11 lwāzinga olwāzinga lwāzinga aluzinganga olungazinganga lungazinganga
class 14 bāzinga obāzinga bāzinga abuzinganga obungazinganga bungazinganga
class 15 kwāzinga okwāzinga kwāzinga akuzinganga okungazinganga kungazinganga
class 17 kwāzinga okwāzinga kwāzinga akuzinganga okungazinganga kungazinganga
potential
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngingazinga — ngingazinga ngingezinge — ngingezinge
2nd singular ungazinga — ungazinga ungezinge — ungezinge
1st plural singazinga — singazinga singezinge — singezinge
2nd plural ningazinga — ningazinga ningezinge — ningezinge
class 1 angazinga — engazinga angezinge — engezinge
class 2 bangazinga — bengazinga bangezinge — bengezinge
class 3 ungazinga — ungazinga ungezinge — ungezinge
class 4 ingazinga — ingazinga ingezinge — ingezinge
class 5 lingazinga — lingazinga lingezinge — lingezinge
class 6 angazinga — engazinga angezinge — engezinge
class 7 singazinga — singazinga singezinge — singezinge
class 8 zingazinga — zingazinga zingezinge — zingezinge
class 9 ingazinga — ingazinga ingezinge — ingezinge
class 10 zingazinga — zingazinga zingezinge — zingezinge
class 11 lungazinga — lungazinga lungezinge — lungezinge
class 14 bungazinga — bungazinga bungezinge — bungezinge
class 15 kungazinga — kungazinga kungezinge — kungezinge
class 17 kungazinga — kungazinga kungezinge — kungezinge
immediate future
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngizozinga engizozinga ngizozinga angizuzinga engingezuzinga ngingezuzinga
2nd singular uzozinga ozozinga uzozinga awuzuzinga ongezuzinga ungezuzinga
1st plural sizozinga esizozinga sizozinga asizuzinga esingezuzinga singezuzinga
2nd plural nizozinga enizozinga nizozinga anizuzinga eningezuzinga ningezuzinga
class 1 uzozinga ozozinga ezozinga akazuzinga ongezuzinga engezuzinga
class 2 bazozinga abazozinga bezozinga abazuzinga abangezuzinga bengezuzinga
class 3 uzozinga ozozinga uzozinga awuzuzinga ongezuzinga ungezuzinga
class 4 izozinga ezozinga izozinga ayizuzinga engezuzinga ingezuzinga
class 5 lizozinga elizozinga lizozinga alizuzinga elingezuzinga lingezuzinga
class 6 azozinga azozinga ezozinga awazuzinga angezuzinga engezuzinga
class 7 sizozinga esizozinga sizozinga asizuzinga esingezuzinga singezuzinga
class 8 zizozinga ezizozinga zizozinga azizuzinga ezingezuzinga zingezuzinga
class 9 izozinga ezozinga izozinga ayizuzinga engezuzinga ingezuzinga
class 10 zizozinga ezizozinga zizozinga azizuzinga ezingezuzinga zingezuzinga
class 11 luzozinga oluzozinga luzozinga aluzuzinga olungezuzinga lungezuzinga
class 14 buzozinga obuzozinga buzozinga abuzuzinga obungezuzinga bungezuzinga
class 15 kuzozinga okuzozinga kuzozinga akuzuzinga okungezuzinga kungezuzinga
class 17 kuzozinga okuzozinga kuzozinga akuzuzinga okungezuzinga kungezuzinga
remote future
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngiyozinga engiyozinga ngiyozinga angiyuzinga engingeyuzinga ngingeyuzinga
2nd singular uyozinga oyozinga uyozinga awuyuzinga ongeyuzinga ungeyuzinga
1st plural siyozinga esiyozinga siyozinga asiyuzinga esingeyuzinga singeyuzinga
2nd plural niyozinga eniyozinga niyozinga aniyuzinga eningeyuzinga ningeyuzinga
class 1 uyozinga oyozinga eyozinga akayuzinga ongeyuzinga engeyuzinga
class 2 bayozinga abayozinga beyozinga abayuzinga abangeyuzinga bengeyuzinga
class 3 uyozinga oyozinga uyozinga awuyuzinga ongeyuzinga ungeyuzinga
class 4 iyozinga eyozinga iyozinga ayiyuzinga engeyuzinga ingeyuzinga
class 5 liyozinga eliyozinga liyozinga aliyuzinga elingeyuzinga lingeyuzinga
class 6 ayozinga ayozinga eyozinga awayuzinga angeyuzinga engeyuzinga
class 7 siyozinga esiyozinga siyozinga asiyuzinga esingeyuzinga singeyuzinga
class 8 ziyozinga eziyozinga ziyozinga aziyuzinga ezingeyuzinga zingeyuzinga
class 9 iyozinga eyozinga iyozinga ayiyuzinga engeyuzinga ingeyuzinga
class 10 ziyozinga eziyozinga ziyozinga aziyuzinga ezingeyuzinga zingeyuzinga
class 11 luyozinga oluyozinga luyozinga aluyuzinga olungeyuzinga lungeyuzinga
class 14 buyozinga obuyozinga buyozinga abuyuzinga obungeyuzinga bungeyuzinga
class 15 kuyozinga okuyozinga kuyozinga akuyuzinga okungeyuzinga kungeyuzinga
class 17 kuyozinga okuyozinga kuyozinga akuyuzinga okungeyuzinga kungeyuzinga
present subjunctive
positive negative
1st singular ngizinge ngingazingi
2nd singular uzinge ungazingi
1st plural sizinge singazingi
2nd plural nizinge ningazingi
class 1 azinge angazingi
class 2 bazinge bangazingi
class 3 uzinge ungazingi
class 4 izinge ingazingi
class 5 lizinge lingazingi
class 6 azinge angazingi
class 7 sizinge singazingi
class 8 zizinge zingazingi
class 9 izinge ingazingi
class 10 zizinge zingazingi
class 11 luzinge lungazingi
class 14 buzinge bungazingi
class 15 kuzinge kungazingi
class 17 kuzinge kungazingi
past subjunctive
positive negative
1st singular ngazinga ngangazinga, angazinga, angangazinga
2nd singular wazinga wangazinga, awazinga, awangazinga
1st plural sazinga sangazinga, asazinga, asangazinga
2nd plural nazinga nangazinga, anazinga, anangazinga
class 1 wazinga wangazinga, akazinga, akangazinga
class 2 bazinga bangazinga, abazinga, abangazinga
class 3 wazinga wangazinga, awazinga, awangazinga
class 4 yazinga yangazinga, ayazinga, ayangazinga
class 5 lazinga langazinga, alazinga, alangazinga
class 6 azinga angazinga, awazinga, awangazinga
class 7 sazinga sangazinga, asazinga, asangazinga
class 8 zazinga zangazinga, azazinga, azangazinga
class 9 yazinga yangazinga, ayazinga, ayangazinga
class 10 zazinga zangazinga, azazinga, azangazinga
class 11 lwazinga lwangazinga, alwazinga, alwangazinga
class 14 bazinga bangazinga, abazinga, abangazinga
class 15 kwazinga kwangazinga, akwazinga, akwangazinga
class 17 kwazinga kwangazinga, akwazinga, akwangazinga

Derived terms

References

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