Actinophryales
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Taxonavigation
Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Diaphoretickes
Cladus: Tsar
Cladus: Sar
Infraregnum: Heterokonta
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Subphylum: Phaeista
Superclassis: Raphidoistia
Classis: Actinophryophyceae
Ordo: Actinophryales
Subordines: Actinosphaeriineae –
Actinophryineae
Name
Actinophryales P.Gervais & van Beneden, Zool. Méd. 2: 440 (1858) (“Actinophrys”), pro zool. ord.
- Type genus: Actinophrys Ehrenberg, 1830
Synonyms
- Heterotypic
- Actinosphaeriales E.K.Brandt, Uchebn. Zool. 2: 290 (1876) (“Actinosphaerida”), pro zool. ord.
- Orthographic variants:
- Actinophrydea Hartmann, 1913
- Actinophrydia Kühn, 1926
References
- Brandt, E.K. [Брандтъ, Э.К.] 1876. Учебникъ зоологiи примѣнительно къ учебнымъ планамъ реальныхъ училищъ, а равно къ программамъ другихъ среднеучебныхъ заведенiй, въ которыхъ преподается естественная исторiя [Textbook of Zoology for programs in Real Schools, and for programs of other middle real schools in which the natural history is taught]. St.-Petersburg: tipografija A. M. Kotomina, Vol. 1: [i]–[iv], 1–523 [4 Feb [24 Jan, Old Style] 1876 ‘1875’]; Vol. 2: [i]–[vii], 1–298, [corr.] [27 [15, Old Style] Mai 1876] (Russian) Reference page.
- Hartmann, M. 1913. Rhizopoda. In: Handwörterbuch der Naturwissenschaften, Band 8: 422–446. Jena: Gustav Fischer. BHL Reference page.
- Mikrjukov, K.A. & Patterson, D.J. 2001. Taxonomy and phylogeny of Heliozoa. III. Actinophryids. Acta Protozoologica 40(1): 3–26. ResearchGate
Reference page. - Cavalier-Smith, T. & Scoble, J.M. 2013. Phylogeny of Heterokonta: Incisomonas marina, a uniciliate gliding opalozoan related to Solenicola (Nanomonadea), and evidence that Actinophryida evolved from raphidophytes. European Journal of Protistology 49: 328–353. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2012.09.002 Researchgate. Reference page.
Classifications
Hartmann (1913)
- Hartmann, M. 1913. Rhizopoda. In: Handwörterbuch der Naturwissenschaften, Band 8: 422–446. Jena: Gustav Fischer. BHL Reference page.
- 1. Unterklasse: Rhizopoda (im engeren Sinne)
- 2. Unterklasse: Heliozoa
- 1. Ordnung. Actinophrydea nom. nov.
- 2. Ordnung. Acanthocystidea nom. nov.
- 3. Ordnung. Clathrulinidea
- 3. Unterklasse: Radiolaria
- 4. Unterklasse: Mycetozoa (Myxomyceta)
Kühn (1926)
Kühn, A. (1921). Morphologie der Tiere in Bildern. Heft 2: Protozoen. Teil 2. Rhizopoden. Gebrüder Borntraeger: Berlin, .
- 2. Klasse: Rhizopoda
- III. Unterklasse: Heliozoa
- 1. Ordnung: Actinophrydia
- 2. Ordnung: Centrohelidia
- III. Unterklasse: Heliozoa
Honigberg et al. (1964)
Class: Actinopodea
Subclass: Heliozoia
- Order: Actinophryida
- Order: Centrohelida
- Order: Desmothoracida
Cavalier-Smith (1993)
From Kingdom Protozoa and its 18 phyla
In Class Nucleohelea
Order Actinophryida Hartmann, 1913
David J. Patterson (1999)
From The Diversity of Eukaryotes
In Eukaryotes
Clade Actinophryids
- Actinophrys
- Actinosphaerium (syn. Echinosphaerium, Camptonema)
Mikrjukov & Patterson (2001)
- Mikrjukov, K.A. & Patterson, D.J. 2001. Taxonomy and phylogeny of Heliozoa. III. Actinophryids. Acta Protozoologica 40(1): 3–26. ResearchGate Reference page.
Classification 1
- Superclass Dictyochia Haeckel, 1894
- Class Pelagophyceae Andersen and Sanders, 1993
- Class Actinochrysophyceae Cavalier-Smith, 1995
- Subclass Silicophycidae Rothmaler, 1951
- Subclass Abaxodinae subcl. n.
- Superorder Rhizochromulinea O’Kelly and Wujek, 1995
- Superorder Actinodinea superord. n.
- Order Pedinellales Zimmermann et al., 1984
- Order Ciliophryida Febvre-Chevalier, 1985
- Order Actinophryida Hartmann, 1913
Classification 2
- [In stramenopiles: Superclass Dictyochia Haeckel, 1894]
- pelagophytes [Class Pelagophyceae Andersen and Sanders, 1993]
- Axodines [Class Actinochrysophyceae Cavalier-Smith, 1995]
- Silicoflagellates [Subclass Silicophycidae Rothmaler, 1951]
- Abodines [Subclass Abaxodinae subcl. n.]
- Rhizochromulinids [Superorder Rhizochromulinea O’Kelly and Wujek, 1995]
- Actinodines [Superorder Actinodinea superord. n.]
- [Order Pedinellales Zimmermann et al., 1984, paraphyletic]
- Pseudopedinella sm
- Mesopedinella sm
- Apedinella sm
- Parapedinella sm
- Unnamed taxon
- Pedinella sm
- Actinomonads
- Pteridomonas
- Actinomonas
- Heliomonads
- Ciliophrys [Order Ciliophryida Febvre-Chevalier, 1985]
- Actinophryids [Order Actinophryida Hartmann, 1913]
- Actinophrys
- Actinophrys sol
- Actinophrys tauryanini
- Actinophrys salsuginosa
- Actinosphaerium
- Actinosphaerium eichhornii
- Actinosphaerium nucleofilum
- Actinophrys
- [Order Pedinellales Zimmermann et al., 1984, paraphyletic]
Nikolaev et al. (2005)
From The twilight of Heliozoa and rise of Rhizaria, an emerging supergroup of amoeboid eukaryotes, .
- Bikonta
- Rhizaria
- core Cercozoa
- Phaeodarea ["Radiolaria"]
- Desmothoracida ["Heliozoa"]
- other core Cercozoa
- Phytomyxea
- Haplosporidia
- Foraminifera
- Gromiidae
- [unnamed] [= Radiolaria sensu Adl et al., 2005]
- Acantharea ["Radiolaria"]
- Taxopodida ["Heliozoa"]
- Polycystinea ["Radiolaria"]
- core Cercozoa
- Stramenopiles
- Centrohelida ["Heliozoa"]
- Rhizaria
Cavalier-Smith & Scoble (2013)
- Cavalier-Smith, T. & Scoble, J.M. 2013. Phylogeny of Heterokonta: Incisomonas marina, a uniciliate gliding opalozoan related to Solenicola (Nanomonadea), and evidence that Actinophryida evolved from raphidophytes. European Journal of Protistology 49: 328–353. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2012.09.002 Researchgate. Reference page.
Infrakingdom Heterokonta
- Superphylum Gyrista Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum Ochrophyta
- Phaeista
- Chrysista
- Marista
- Class Raphidomonadea
- Subclass Raphidophycidae Cavalier-Smith subcl. n. [= Raphidophyceae Chadefaud ex Silva, 1980]
- Subclass Raphopoda Cavalier-Smith subcl. n.
- Order Commatiida Cavalier-Smith, 1997
- Family Commatiidae Cavalier-Smith
- Genus Commation Thomsen and Larsen, 1993
- Order Actinophryida Hartmann, 1913
- Suborder Actinosphaerina Cavalier-Smith subord. n
- Family Actinosphaeriidae Cavalier-Smith fam. n.
- Genus Actinosphaerium Ritter von Stein, 1857
- Family Actinosphaeriidae Cavalier-Smith fam. n.
- Suborder Actinophryina Cavalier-Smith subord. n.
- Family Actinophryidae Dujardin, 1841
- Genus Actinophrys
- Family Helioraphidae Cavalier-Smith fam. n
- Genus Heliorapha Cavalier-Smith gen. n
- Family Actinophryidae Dujardin, 1841
- Suborder Actinosphaerina Cavalier-Smith subord. n
- Order Commatiida Cavalier-Smith, 1997
- Class Raphidomonadea
- Marista
- Chrysista
- Phaeista
- Phylum Ochrophyta
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