Oenothera

Oenothera cespitosa

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Myrtales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids II Ordo: Myrtales

Familia: Onagraceae
Subfamilia: Onagroideae
Tribus: Onagreae
Genus: Oenothera
Sectiones: O. sect. Anogra – O. sect. Calylophus – O. sect. Contortae – O. sect. Eremia – O. sect. Gaura – O. sect. Gauropsis – O. sect. Hartmannia – O. sect. Kleinia – O. sect. Kneiffia – O. sect. Lavauxia – O. sect. Leucocoryne – O. sect. Megapterium – O. sect. Oenothera – O. sect. Pachylophus – O. sect. Paradoxus – O. sect. Peniophyllum – O. sect. Ravenia – O. sect. Xanthocoryne

Species

O. acaulis – O. acutifolia – O. acutissima – O. affinis – O. albicaulis – O. anomala – O. arequipensis – O. argillicola – O. arida – O. arizonica – O. avita – O. bahia-blancae – O. biennis – O. boquillensis – O. brachycarpa – O. brandegeei – O. × braunii – O. breedlovei – O. brevipetala – O. calcicola – O. canescens – O. capillifolia – O. catharinensis – O. cavernae – O. centauriifolia – O. cespitosa – O. cinerea – O. clelandii – O. coloradensis – O. coquimbensis – O. cordata – O. coronopifolia – O. coryi – O. curtiflora – O. curtissii – O. deltoides – O. demareei – O. deserticola – O. dissecta – O. dodgeniana – O. × drawertii – O. drummondii – O. elata – O. elongata – O. engelmannii – O. epilobiifolia – O. falfurriae – O. × fallax – O. featherstonei – O. filiformis – O. filipes – O. flava – O. fruticosa – O. gaura – O. gayleana – O. glaucifolia – O. glazioviana – O. grandiflora – O. grandis – O. grisea – O. harringtonii – O. hartwegii – O. havardii – O. × heiniana – O. heterophylla – O. hexandra – O. hispida – O. howardii – O. humifusa – O. indecora – O. jamesii – O. kunthiana – O. laciniata – O. lasiocarpa – O. lavandulifolia – O. lindheimeri – O. linifolia – O. longiflora – O. longissima – O. longituba – O. luciae-julianiae – O. macrocarpa – O. macrosceles – O. magellanica – O. maysillesii – O. mckelveyae – O. mendocinensis – O. mexicana – O. mollissima – O. montevidensis – O. × moravica – O. muelleri – O. multicaulis – O. nana – O. nealleyi – O. neomexicana – O. nocturna – O. nutans – O. nuttallii – O. oakesiana – O. odorata – O. organensis – O. orizabae – O. pallida – O. parodiana – O. parviflora – O. patriciae – O. pedunculifolia – O. pennellii – O. perennis – O. peruana – O. picensis – O. pilosella – O. platanorum – O. podocarpa – O. primiveris – O. psammophila – O. pseudoelongata – O. pubescens – O. punae – O. × purpurans – O. ravenii – O. recurva – O. resicum – O. rhombipetala – O. riparia – O. riskindii – O. rivadaviae – O. rosea – O. sandiana – O. santarii – O. scabra – O. seifrizii – O. serrulata – O. sessilis – O. siambonensis – O. simulans – O. sinuosa – O. spachiana – O. speciosa – O. stricta – O. stubbei – O. suffrutescens – O. suffulta – O. tafiensis – O. tamrae – O. tarijensis – O. tetragona – O. tetraptera – O. texensis – O. toumeyi – O. triangulata – O. triloba – O. tubicula – O. tubifera – O. verrucosa – O. versicolor – O. villaricae – O. villosa – O. wigginsii – O. wolfii – O. xylocarpa

Source(s) of checklist:
Govaerts, R. et al. 2024. Oenothera in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2024 October 14. Reference page.

Name

Oenothera L., Sp. Pl. 1: 346 (1753).

Type species: O. biennis L., vide Rose, 1905: 330.

Synonyms

Homotypic
- Onagra Mill., Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4.: [s.p.] (1754), nom. superfl.
- Pseudo-oenothera Rupr., Fl. Ingrica: 365 (1860).
- Brunyera Bubani, Fl. Pyren. 2: 649 (1899), nom. superfl.
- Usoricum Lunell, Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 481 (1916), nom. superfl.
Heterotypic
- Gaura L., Sp. Pl.: 347 (1753).
- Pleurandra Raf., Fl. Ludov.: 95 (1817).
- Onosuris Raf., Fl. Ludov.: 95 (1817).
- Meriolix Raf., Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev. 4: 182 (1819).
- Pleurostemon Raf., J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts 89: 258 (1819).
- Kneiffia Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 4: 73 (1835).
  - Type species: K. glauca (Michx.) Spach
- Xylopleurum Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 4: 378 (1835).
  - Type species: X. nuttallii Spach, nom. illeg.
- Lavauxia Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 4: 366 (1835).
  - Type species: L. triloba (Nutt.) Spach
- Megapterium Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 4: 363 (1835).
- Pachylophus Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 4: 365 (1835).
  - Type species: P. nuttallii Spach, nom. illeg.
- Schizocarya Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 4: 170 (1835).
- Stenosiphon Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 4: 170 (1835).
- Anogra Spach, Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 4: 339 (1835).
  - Type species: A. pallida (Lindley) Britton = Oenothera pallida Lindl.
- Blennoderma Spach, Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 4: 406 (1835 publ. 1836).
  - Type species: B. drummondii Spach
- Baumannia Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 4: 351 (1835), nom. illeg. non DC. (1834).
  - Type species: B. douglasiana Spach
- Calylophus Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 4: 272 (1835).
  - Type species: C. nuttallii Spach, nom. illeg.
- Gauridium Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 4: 379 (1835).
  - Type species: G. mutabile (Cav.) Spach = O. anomala
    Curtis
- Hartmannia Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 4: 370 (1835).
- Dictyopetalum Fisch. & C.A.Mey., Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 2: 45 (1836).
- Antogoeringia Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 250 (1891).
- Salpingia Raim. in H.G.A.Engler & K.A.E.Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(7): 217 (1893).
  - Type species: S. hartwegii (Benth.) Raim.
- Galpinsia Britton, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 236 (1894).
- Gaurella Small, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 23: 188 (1896).
  - Type species: G. guttulata (Geyer) Small, nom. illeg.
- Gauropsis (Torr. & Frém.) Cockerell, Bot. Gaz. 30: 351 (1900), nom. illeg. non Presl (1851)
  - Type species: G. canescens (Torr. & Frém.) Cockerell
- Raimannia Rose ex Britton & A.Br., Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2, 2: 596 (1913).
  - Type species: R. laciniata (Hill) Rose ex Britton & A.Br.
- Peniophyllum Pennell, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 46: 373 (1919).
  - Type species: P. linifolium (Nutt.) Pennell

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe (introduced)
- Regional: Northern Europe
  - Denmark, Finland, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden.
- Regional: Middle Europe
  - Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland.
- Regional: Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
- Regional: Southeastern Europe
  - Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia.
- Regional: Eastern Europe
  - Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine.
Continental: Africa(introduced)
- Regional: Northern Africa
  - Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia.
- Regional: Macaronesia
  - Azores, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Madeira.
- Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa
  - Rwanda.
- Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Ethiopia.
- Regional: South Tropical Africa
  - Angola, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
- Regional: Southern Africa
  - Cape Provinces, Lesotho, Namibia, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Swaziland, Northern Provinces.
- Regional: Western Indian Ocean
  - Mauritius, Madagascar, Réunion.
Continental: Asia-Temperate(introduced)
- Regional: Siberia
  - Altay, Buryatiya, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, West Siberia.
- Regional: Russian Far East
  - Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Islands, Primorye, Sakhalin.
- Regional: Middle Asia
  - Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan.
- Regional: Caucasus
  - Transcaucasus.
- Regional: Western Asia
  - Afghanistan, Cyprus, Iran, Palestine, Sinai, Turkey.
- Regional: China
  - China South-Central, Inner Mongolia, Manchuria, China North-Central, China Southeast.
- Regional: Eastern Asia
  - Japan, Korea, Nansei-shoto, Taiwan.
Continental: Asia-Tropical(introduced)
- Regional: Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya.
- Regional: Indo-China
  - Myanmar, Vietnam.
- Regional: Malesia
  - Jawa.
Continental: Australasia(introduced)
- Regional: Australia
  - Norfolk Islands, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia.
Continental: Pacific(introduced)
- Regional: South-Central Pacific
  - Easter Islands.
- Regional: North-Central Pacific
  - Hawaii.
Continental: Northern America
- Regional: Subarctic America
  - Northwest Territories.
- Regional: Western Canada
  - Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan.
- Regional: Eastern Canada
  - New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Québec.
- Regional: Northwestern U.S.A.
  - Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming.
- Regional: North-Central U.S.A.
  - Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin.
- Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia.
- Regional: Southwestern U.S.A.
  - Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah.
- Regional: South-Central U.S.A.
  - New Mexico, Texas.
- Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia.
- Regional: Mexico
  - Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Gulf, Mexican Pacific Islands, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Mexico Southeast.
Continental: Southern America
- Regional: Central America
  - Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama.
- Regional: Caribbean
  - Bahamas, Bermuda, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Jamaica.
- Regional: Northern South America
  - Venezuela.
- Regional: Western South America
  - Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru.
- Regional: Brazil
  - Brazil Southeast, Brazil South.
- Regional: Southern South America
  - Argentina Northeast, Argentina South, Argentina Northwest, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, Desventurados Islands, Juan Fernández Islands, Paraguay, Uruguay.
Continental: Antarctic(introduced)
- Regional: Subantarctic Islands
  - Tristan da Cunha.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References

Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 346. Reference page.

Additional references

Rose, J.N. 1905. Studies of Mexican and Central American Plants – No. 4. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 8(4): 281–339. JSTOR BHL Reference page.
Wagner, W.L., Krakos, K.N. & Hoch, P.C. 2013. Taxonomic changes in Oenothera sections Gaura and Calylophus (Onagraceae). PhytoKeys 28: 61–72. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.28.6143 Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2024. Oenothera in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2024 October 14. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2024. Oenothera. Published online. Accessed: October 14 2024. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2024. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Oenothera. Accessed: 14 October 2024.
Tropicos.org 2024. Oenothera. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 14 October 2024.

Vernacular names

العربية: أخدرية
žemaitėška: Nakvėša
беларуская: Асліннік
català: Enotera
Cebuano: Oenothera
čeština: pupalka
Deutsch: Nachtkerzen
English: Evening Primrose
Esperanto: Enotero
eesti: Kuningakepp
euskara: Onagra
فارسی: گل مغربی
suomi: Helokit
français: Œnothère
Gaeilge: Coinneal oíche
עברית: נר-הלילה החופי
hornjoserbsce: Rěpnica
magyar: Ligetszépe
日本語: マツヨイグサ
қазақша: Есекшөп
한국어: 달맞이꽃속
lietuvių: Nakviša
македонски: Ноќниче
Nederlands: Teunisbloem
Diné bizaad: Tłʼééʼ yiigáhii
polski: Wiesiołek
Runa Simi: Yawar ch'unqa
русский: Ослинник
slovenčina: pupalka
svenska: Nattljussläktet
українська: Енотера
中文: 月見草屬

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