Paoliida

Zdenekia silesiensis (fig. A); Darekia sanguinea (fig. B); Paoliidae gen. et sp. indet. (figs. C, D₁, D₂)

Taxonavigation

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: ParaHoxozoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Cladus: Pancrustacea
Cladus: Allotriocarida
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Supercohort: Polyneoptera
Ordo: †Paoliida
Familiae (sensu Prokop et al. (2013); Guan et al. (2016)): Anthracoptilidae – †Blattinopsidae – †Paoliidae

Familiae (sensu Rasnitsyn & Aristov (2016)): †Paoliidae

Name

Paoliida Handlirsch, 1906: 682

Type genus: Paolia Smith 1871

Synonyms

Protoptera Rasnitsyn, 1977

References

Primary references

Handlirsch, A. 1906. Revision of American Paleozoic insects. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 29 (1441): 661–820. BHL Reference page.

Additional references

Grimaldi, D. & Engel, M.S. 2005. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press, New York, USA. ISBN 978-0-521-82149-0. limited preview on Google Books. Reference page. [placed as basal Neoptera]
Guan, Z., Prokop, J., Roques, P., Lapeyrie, J. & Nel, A. 2016. Revision of the enigmatic family Anthracoptilidae enlightens the evolution of Palaeozoic stem-dictyopterans. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 61(1): 71–87. DOI: 10.4202/app.00051.2014 . Reference page.
Nel, A., Garrouste, R. & Prokop, J. 2015: The first African Anthracoptilidae (Insecta: Paoliida) near the Permian–Triassic boundary in Kenya. Zootaxa 3925(1): 145–150. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3925.1.10. Reference page.
Prokop, J. & Nel, A. 2007. An enigmatic Palaeozoic stem-group: Paoliida, designation of new taxa from the Upper Carboniferous of the Czech Republic (Insecta: Paoliidae, Katerinkidae fam. n.). African Invertebrates 48(1): 77–86. hdl: 10520/EJC84589 . Reference page.
Prokop, J., Krzemiński, W., Krzemińska, E. & Wojciechowski, D. 2012. Paoliida, a putative stem-group of winged insects: morphology of new taxa from the Upper Carboniferous of Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 57(1): 161–173. DOI: 10.4202/app.2010.0064 . Reference page.
Prokop, J., Krzemiński, W., Krzemińska, E., Hörnschemeyer, T., Ilger, J.-M., Brauckmann, C., Grandcolas, P. & Nel, A. 2013 (Online) 2014 (Print). Late Palaeozoic Paoliida is the sister group of Dictyoptera (Insecta: Neoptera). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 12(5): 601-622. DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2013.823468 . Reference page. [placed as stem-group Dictyoptera]
Rasnitsyn, A.P. & Aristov, D.S. 2016. Revision of the Paleozoic order Paoliida (Insecta). Far Eastern Entomologist 309: 1–13. PDF. Reference page. [placed as infraclass Gryllones (=Polyneoptera) superorder Paoliidea]

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