Pinus pinaster subsp. escarena

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Pinales
Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Divisio: Tracheophyta Divisio: Pinophyta Classis: Pinopsida Ordo: Pinales

Pinus pinaster subsp. escarena (Risso) K.Richt., Pl. Eur. 1: 1 (1890).

Basionym
- Pinus escarena Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 459 (1826).
Homotypic
- Pinus pinaster var. escarena (Risso) Loudon, Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2214 (1838).
Heterotypic
- Pinus laricio Savi, Fl. Pis. 2: 353 (1798).
- Pinus hamiltonii Ten., Cat. Ort. Bot. Napoli: 90 (1845).
- Pinus pinaster var. hamiltonii (Ten.) Lindl. & Gordon, J. Hort. Soc. London 5: 217 (1850).
- Pinus pinaster var. minor Parl. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 383 (1868), nom. illeg.
- Pinus pinaster var. prolifera Parl. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 383 (1868).
- Pinus pinaster subsp. prolifera (Parl.) K.Richt., Pl. Eur. 1: 1 (1890).
- Pinus mesogeensis Fieschi & Gaussen, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 64: 440 (1932).
- Pinus pinaster subsp. hamiltonii (Ten.) Villar, Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 33: 427 (1934).
- Pinus pinaster var. iberica Villar, Types Sols Afr. Nord 1: 84 (1947).
- Pinus pinaster var. maghrebiana Villar, Types Sols Afr. Nord 1: 84 (1947).
- Pinus pinaster var. mesogeensis (Fieschi & Gaussen) Silba, Phytologia 68: 59 (1990).

Native distribution areas:
Europe Southeastern Europe Italy, Sicilia. Southwestern Europe Baleares, Corse, France, Sardegna, Spain. Africa Northern Africa Algeria, Morocco. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

Farjon, A. 2010. A Handbook of the World's Conifers. 2 vols., pp. 1–526 + 527–1111, Koninklijke Brill, Leiden, Boston. ISBN 978-90-04-17718-5. Reference page.
Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. 2010. Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du Nord. Volume 1: Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae, Monocotyledoneae. Conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève, ISBN 978-2-8277-0120-9, 455 pp. PDF Reference page.

Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Pinus pinaster subsp. escarena in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2023 March 7. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2023. Pinus pinaster subsp. escarena. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2023. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2023 March 7. Reference page.

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