< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kerzaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gers-. Cognate with Latin garrio (“to chatter”) and Lithuanian gar̃sas (“sound”).

The expected form *kersaną is unattested, the current form with -z- arose by influence of the iterative *kurzōną.[2]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈker.zɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*kerzaną[2]

  1. to creak (of birds)
  2. to cry (of birds)

Inflection
Conjugation of *kerzaną (strong class 3)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *kerzō*kerzaų—*kerzai ?
2nd singular *kirzizi*kerzaiz*kerz*kerzazai*kerzaizau
3rd singular *kirzidi*kerzai*kerzadau*kerzadai*kerzaidau
1st dual *kerzōz*kerzaiw———
2nd dual *kerzadiz*kerzaidiz*kerzadiz——
1st plural *kerzamaz*kerzaim—*kerzandai*kerzaindau
2nd plural *kirzid*kerzaid*kirzid*kerzandai*kerzaindau
3rd plural *kerzandi*kerzain*kerzandau*kerzandai*kerzaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *karz*kurzį̄
2nd singular *karzt*kurzīz
3rd singular *karz*kurzī
1st dual *kurzū*kurzīw
2nd dual *kurzudiz*kurzīdiz
1st plural *kurzum*kurzīm
2nd plural *kurzud*kurzīd
3rd plural *kurzun*kurzīn
present past
participles *kerzandz*kurzanaz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *kerʀan
    • Old English: ċeorran
    • Old Dutch: *kerran
    • Old High German: kerran, cherran
      • Middle High German: kerren

References
  1. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*kerranan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 213
  2. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kerzan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 285
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