אסר

Aramaic

Etymology

From Proto-West Semitic *ʔasar-.

Verb

אסר • (transliteration needed)

  1. to bind, to tie
  2. to join

Hebrew

Root
א־ס־ר (ʾ-s-r)
6 terms

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Semitic *ʔasar-; cognate with Arabic أَسَرَ (ʔasara, “to capture, seize”), etc.

Verb

אָסַר • (asár) (pa'al construction, present אוֹסֵר, future יֶאֱסֹר, passive participle אָסוּר, passive counterpart נֶאֱסַר)

  1. to bind, tie, join
    • Tanach, Psalms 22:17, with text reconstructed based on Vall (1997);[1] and translation of the New Revised Standard Version Updated Edition:
      כִּ֥י סְבָב֗וּנִי כְּלָ֫בִ֥ים עֲדַ֣ת מְ֭רֵעִים הִקִּיפ֑וּנִי אָסְרוּ יָדַ֥י וְרַגְלָֽי׃
      Kî sĕḇāḇûnî kĕlāḇîm ‘ăḏaṯ mĕrē‘îm hiqqîp̄ûnî ’āsrû yāḏay wĕraḡlāy
      For dogs are all around me; a company of evildoers encircles me; they bound my hands and feet.
  2. to imprison
  3. (biblical) to vow
  4. to forbid, prohibit

Conjugation

Conjugation of אָסַר (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
non-finite forms to-infinitive לאסור / לֶאֱסֹר
action noun —
passive participle אָסוּר
finite forms singular plural
m f m f
past first אָסַרְתִּי אָסַרְנוּ
second אָסַרְתָּ אָסַרְתְּ אֲסַרְתֶּם1 אֲסַרְתֶּן1
third אָסַר אָסְרָה אָסְרוּ
present אוֹסֵר אוֹסֶרֶת אוֹסְרִים אוֹסְרוֹת
future first אאסור / אֶאֱסֹר נאסור / נֶאֱסֹר
second תאסור / תֶּאֱסֹר תֶּאֶסְרִי תֶּאֶסְרוּ תאסורנה / תֶּאֱסֹרְנָה2
third יאסור / יֶאֱסֹר תאסור / תֶּאֱסֹר יֶאֶסְרוּ תאסורנה / תֶּאֱסֹרְנָה2
imperative אסור / אֱסֹר אִסְרִי אִסְרוּ אסורנה / אֱסֹרְנָה2

1 Pronounced אָסַרְתֶּם and אָסַרְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew.
2 Rare in Modern Hebrew.

References

  1. ^ Vall, Gregory (1997) “Psalm 22:17b: The Old Guess”, in Journal of Biblical Literature, volume 116, number 1, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 52-56 of 45–56
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