ܚܡܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
Etymology
Inherited from Aramaic [Term?]; compare Arabic حُمَّة (ḥumma) and Hebrew חֵמָה (khemá).
Pronunciation
- (Standard) IPA(key): [ħɪmmɑː]
- (Nineveh Plains) IPA(key): [xɪmmɑː]
Noun
ܚܸܡܵܐ • (ḥimmā) m (uncountable)
- heat (condition or quality of being hot or at a high temperature)
- Antonym: ܩܲܪܬ݂ܵܐ (qarṯā)
- ܚܸܡܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܠܒܲܪܵܐ. ― ḥimmā ìlēh lbarrā. ― It is hot outside. (literally, “It is the heat outside.”)
- c. 2014, ܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ, Aramaic Bible Translation, Inc., Matthew 20:12:
- ܘܐܡܝܼܪ ܠܗܘܿܢ: «ܗܵܠܹܝܢ ܐ݇ܚܵܪ̈ܵܝܹܐ ܦܠܝܼܚ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܚܕ݂ܵܐ ܫܵܥܬ݂ܵܐ ܘܡܚܘܼܫܒܢܝܼܢ ܠܘܼܟ݂ ܡܐܲܟ݂ܘܵܬ݂ܲܢ، ܐܲܚܢܲܢ ܕܛܥܝܼܢ ܠܲܢ ܝܘܼܩܪܵܐ ܘܚܸܡܵܐ ܕܝܲܘܡܵܐ».
- w-mīr lhōn: “hālēn ḥārāyē plīḥ lhōn ḥḏā šāˁṯā w-mḥušbnīn lōḵ mˀaḵwāṯan, aḥnan d-ṭˁīn lan yuqrā w-ḥimmā d-yawmā”.
- and they said, “These last men have worked only one hour, and you made them equal to us who have borne the burden and the heat of the day.”
Usage notes
Possessive pronouns added to this word are the way to express feeling hot, e.g. ܝܼܠܹܗ ܚܸܡܝܼ (īlēh ḥimī, “I am feeling hot”, literally “he (it) is my heat”).
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | |||||||
| singular | absolute | ܚܸܡ (ḥim) | 1st person | ܚܸܡܝܼ (ḥimī) | ܚܸܡܲܢ (ḥimman) | |||
| construct | ܚܸܡ (ḥim) | 2nd person | ܚܸܡܘܼܟ݂ (ḥimōḵ) | ܚܸܡܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥimmāḵ) | ܚܸܡܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥimmawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܚܸܡܵܐ (ḥimmā) | 3rd person | ܚܸܡܹܗ (ḥimmēh) | ܚܸܡܵܗ̇ (ḥimmāh) | ܚܸܡܗܘܿܢ (ḥimhōn) | |||
| plural | absolute | ܚܸܡܝܼ̈ܢ (ḥimīn) | 1st person | ܚܸܡܝܼ̈ (ḥimī) | ܚܸܡܲܢ̈ (ḥimman) | |||
| construct | ܚܸܡܲܝ̈ (ḥimmay) | 2nd person | ܚܸܡܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ḥimōḵ) | ܚܸܡܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ḥimmāḵ) | ܚܸܡܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥimmawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܚܸܡܹ̈ܐ (ḥimmē) | 3rd person | ܚܸܡܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ḥimūh) | ܚܸܡܘܼ̈ܗ̇ (ḥimmōh) | ܚܸܡܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ (ḥimmayhōn) | |||
Derived terms
Related terms
- ܚܸܡܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥimṯā)
- ܚܲܡܝܼܡܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥamīmūṯā)
Classical Syriac
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Semitic *ḥamw-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ħ(ə)mɑ]
Noun
ܚܡܐ • (ḥəmā) m (plural ܚܡܗܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܚܡܬܐ)
- father-in-law
- (in the plural) relatives, family
Usage notes
The word ܚܡܐ is one of only three nouns in the entire language that have an irregular possessive stem ending in the letter Waw; the other two being ܐܒܐ (ʾăḇā, “father”) and ܐܚܐ (ʾăḥā, “brother”).
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | m | f | |||||
| singular | absolute | ܚܡ | 1st person | ܚܡܝ | ܚܡܘܢ | |||
| construct | ܚܡ | 2nd person | ܚܡܘܟ | ܚܡܘܟܝ | ܚܡܘܟܘܢ | ܚܡܘܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | 3rd person | ܚܡܘܗܝ | ܚܡܘܗ | ܚܡܘܗܘܢ | ܚܡܘܗܝܢ | |||
| plural | absolute | ܚܡܗܝܢ | 1st person | ܚܡܗܝ | ܚܡܗܝܢ | |||
| construct | ܚܡܗܝ | 2nd person | ܚܡܗܝܟ | ܚܡܗܝܟܝ | ܚܡܗܝܟܘܢ | ܚܡܗܝܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܚܡܗܐ | 3rd person | ܚܡܗܘܗܝ | ܚܡܗܝܗ | ܚܡܗܝܗܘܢ | ܚܡܗܝܗܝܢ | ||
Synonyms
- ܚܡܝܢܐ (ḥemyānā)
References
- “ḥm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 24 September 2011
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 108a
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 145b
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, page 461b