विंशति
Sanskrit
| [a], [b] ← 10 | [a], [b], [c] ← 19 | २० 20 |
21 → | 30 → |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | ||||
| Cardinal: विंशति (viṃśati) Ordinal: विंश (viṃśa), विंशतितम (viṃśatitama) Multiplier: विंशतिधा (viṃśatidhā) | ||||
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ৱিংশতি (Assamese script)
- ᬯᬶᬂᬰᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
- বিংশতি (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰰𑰽𑰫𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑀺𑀁𑀰𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
- ဝိံၐတိ (Burmese script)
- વિંશતિ (Gujarati script)
- ਵਿਂਸ਼ਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑌿𑌂𑌶𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦶꦁꦯꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑂱𑂁𑂬𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
- ವಿಂಶತಿ (Kannada script)
- វិំឝតិ (Khmer script)
- ວິໍຨຕິ (Lao script)
- വിംശതി (Malayalam script)
- ᢀ᠋ᠸᡳᡧᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘱𑘽𑘫𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
- ᢀ᠋ᠸᠢᠱᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧒𑧞𑧋𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑐶𑑄𑐱𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
- ଵିଂଶତି (Odia script)
- ꢮꢶꢀꢯꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑆴𑆁𑆯𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖰𑖽𑖫𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
- විංශති (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾𑩑𑪖𑩿𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦𑚮𑚫𑚧𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
- விஂஶதி (Tamil script)
- వింశతి (Telugu script)
- วิํศติ (Thai script)
- ཝིཾ་ཤ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑒱𑓀𑒬𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑨁𑨸𑨮𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HwiHćati, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wih₁ḱm̥ti, from *dwih₁ḱm̥ti (“two-ten”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬯𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (vīsaiti), Persian بیست (bist), Old Armenian քսան (kʻsan), Latin vīgintī, Ancient Greek εἴκοσι (eíkosi).
Pronunciation
- (Rigveda) IPA(key): /ʋim.ɕɐ.tí/
- (Yajurveda chanting) IPA(key): /ʋi.ɡm̩.ɕɐ.t̪í/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ʋĩ.ɕɐ.t̪i/
Numeral
विं॒श॒ति • (viṃśatí) f (cardinal number)
- twenty, a score (with a noun either in genitive or in apposition, e.g.)
- विंशतिर् घटानाम् ― viṃśatir ghaṭānām ― 20 jars
- विंशत्या हरिभिः ― viṃśatyā haribhiḥ ― with 20 horses
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | विंशतिः (viṃśatíḥ) | विंशती (viṃśatī́) | विंशतयः (viṃśatáyaḥ) |
| accusative | विंशतिम् (viṃśatím) | विंशती (viṃśatī́) | विंशतीः (viṃśatī́ḥ) |
| instrumental | विंशत्या (viṃśatyā́) विंशती¹ (viṃśatī́¹) |
विंशतिभ्याम् (viṃśatíbhyām) | विंशतिभिः (viṃśatíbhiḥ) |
| dative | विंशतये (viṃśatáye) विंशत्यै² (viṃśatyaí²) विंशती¹ (viṃśatī́¹) |
विंशतिभ्याम् (viṃśatíbhyām) | विंशतिभ्यः (viṃśatíbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | विंशतेः (viṃśatéḥ) विंशत्याः² (viṃśatyā́ḥ²) विंशत्यै³ (viṃśatyaí³) |
विंशतिभ्याम् (viṃśatíbhyām) | विंशतिभ्यः (viṃśatíbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | विंशतेः (viṃśatéḥ) विंशत्याः² (viṃśatyā́ḥ²) विंशत्यै³ (viṃśatyaí³) |
विंशत्योः (viṃśatyóḥ) | विंशतीनाम् (viṃśatīnā́m) |
| locative | विंशतौ (viṃśataú) विंशत्याम्² (viṃśatyā́m²) विंशता¹ (viṃśatā́¹) |
विंशत्योः (viṃśatyóḥ) | विंशतिषु (viṃśatíṣu) |
| vocative | विंशते (víṃśate) | विंशती (víṃśatī) | विंशतयः (víṃśatayaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Later Sanskrit
- ³Brāhmaṇas
Descendants
- Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀻𑀲𑀢𑀺 (vīsati)
- Prakrit: 𑀯𑀻𑀲 (vīsa), 𑀯𑀻𑀲𑀤𑀺 (vīsadi) — Śaurasenī, 𑀯𑀻𑀲𑀇 (vīsaï) — Ardhamāgadhī, Māgadhī, Māhārāṣṭrī (see there for further descendants)
- Dardic:
- Kashmiri: وُہ (vuh)
- Pali: vīsati
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “विंशति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 953, column 2.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 550-551
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “viṃśatí”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 677
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “viṃśati”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.