乾隆

Chinese

		dry; clean; male dry; clean; male; strong; one of the Eight Trigrams; surname	grand; intense; prosperous grand; intense; prosperous; start (a fire); sound of drums
simp. and trad. (乾隆)		乾	隆

Etymology

See also Manchu ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ
ᠸᡝᡥᡳᠶᡝᡥᡝ (abkai wehiyehe).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Qiánlóng

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄨㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kin⁴ lung⁴ / kin⁴ lung^4-2
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): Khièn-lùng / Khiàn-lùng

(Hailu, HRS): kien lung
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): Khiân-liông / Kiân-liông

(Teochew, Peng'im): kiêng⁵ long⁵
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶ji-lon₆ / ²jie-lon₂

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Qiánlóng
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄨㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Ciánlóng
  - Wade–Giles: Chʻien²-lung²
  - Yale: Chyán-lúng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Chyanlong
  - Palladius: Цяньлун (Cjanʹlun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kin⁴ lung⁴ / kin⁴ lung^4-2
  - Yale: kìhn lùhng / kìhn lúng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kin⁴ lung⁴ / kin⁴ lung^4-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: kin⁴ lung⁴ / kin⁴ lung^4-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰiːn²¹ lʊŋ²¹/, /kʰiːn²¹ lʊŋ²¹⁻³⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Khièn-lùng
  - Hakka Romanization System: kien^ˇ lung^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kian² lung²
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯en¹¹ luŋ¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Khiàn-lùng
  - Hakka Romanization System: kian^ˇ lung^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kian² lung²
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯an¹¹ luŋ¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: kien lung
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰien⁵⁵ luŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Khiân-liông
  - Tâi-lô: Khiân-liông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qienlioong
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɛn¹³⁻²² liɔŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɛn²³⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰiɛn²⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ liɔŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kiân-liông
  - Tâi-lô: Kiân-liông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kienlioong
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kiɛn²⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kiêng⁵ long⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khiêng lông
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰieŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ loŋ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶ji-lon₆
  - MiniDict: ji^去 lon^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³jji-lon₃
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑi²² loŋ⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ²jie-lon₂
  - MiniDict: jie^平 lon^平
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /d͡ʑɪ²² loŋ³³/

Proper noun

乾隆 (historical)

(～帝) the Qianlong Emperor (the fifth emperor of the Qing dynasty)
the Qianlong era (a Chinese era name; the era of that emperor's reign, from 1736 to 1795)
- 1969, 潘藩, directed by 陸邦, 相思甜如蜜 [My Sweetheart]‎^[1], spoken by 陳維才 (高魯泉 [Ko Lo Chuen]):
  
  我呢兩個乾隆花樽啊值成萬銀㗎。 [Cantonese, trad.]
  我呢两个乾隆花樽啊值成万银㗎。 [Cantonese, simp.]
  ngo⁵ ni¹ loeng⁵ go³ kin⁴ lung^4-2 faa¹ zeon¹ aa³ zik⁶ sing⁴ maan⁶ ngan⁴ gaa³. [Jyutping]
  These two Qianlong-era vases of mine are worth ten grand.

Coordinate terms

(era names of Qing) 天命 (tiānmìng) (Later Jin), 天聰 / 天聪 (Tiāncōng) (Later Jin), 崇德 (Chóngdé), 順治 / 顺治 (Shùnzhì), 康熙 (Kāngxī), 雍正 (Yōngzhèng), 乾隆 (Qiánlóng), 嘉慶 / 嘉庆 (Jiāqìng), 道光 (Dàoguāng), 咸豐 / 咸丰 (Xiánfēng), 祺祥 (qíxiáng) (cancelled), →同治 (Tóngzhì), 光緒 / 光绪 (Guāngxù), 宣統 / 宣统 (Xuāntǒng) ^{(Category: zh:Chinese era names)}