及第
Chinese
| to reach; and | (ordinal prefix); ‑th; rank | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (及第) | 及 | 第 | |
| simp. #(及第) | 及 | 第 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin: jídì
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ ㄉㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jídì
- Wade–Giles: chi2-ti4
- Yale: jí-dì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyidih
- Palladius: цзиди (czidi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi³⁵ ti⁵¹/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 及第
極地 / 极地
吉地
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: kap6 dai6
- Yale: kahp daih
- Cantonese Pinyin: kap9 dai6
- Guangdong Romanization: keb6 dei6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɐp̚² tɐi̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ki̍p-tē
- Tâi-lô: ki̍p-tē
- Phofsit Daibuun: kibde
- IPA (Xiamen): /kip̚⁴⁻³² te²²/
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kip̚⁴⁻³² te³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Middle Chinese: gip dejH
Verb
及第
- (intransitive, historical) to pass an imperial examination
Synonyms
Derived terms
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 及 | 第 |
| きゅう Grade: S |
だい Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
及第 • (kyūdai) ←きふだい (kifudai)?
- passing a grade; making the year (being able to advance to the next academic year because of sufficient achievement).
Antonyms
- 落第 (rakudai)
Verb
及第する • (kyūdai suru) ←きふだい (kifudai)?suru (stem 及第し (kyūdai shi), past 及第した (kyūdai shita))
Conjugation
Conjugation of "及第する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 及第し | きゅうだいし | kyūdai shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 及第し | きゅうだいし | kyūdai shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 及第する | きゅうだいする | kyūdai suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 及第する | きゅうだいする | kyūdai suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 及第すれ | きゅうだいすれ | kyūdai sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 及第せよ¹ 及第しろ² |
きゅうだいせよ¹ きゅうだいしろ² |
kyūdai seyo¹ kyūdai shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 及第される | きゅうだいされる | kyūdai sareru | |
| Causative | 及第させる 及第さす |
きゅうだいさせる きゅうだいさす |
kyūdai saseru kyūdai sasu | |
| Potential | 及第できる | きゅうだいできる | kyūdai dekiru | |
| Volitional | 及第しよう | きゅうだいしよう | kyūdai shiyō | |
| Negative | 及第しない | きゅうだいしない | kyūdai shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 及第せず | きゅうだいせず | kyūdai sezu | |
| Formal | 及第します | きゅうだいします | kyūdai shimasu | |
| Perfective | 及第した | きゅうだいした | kyūdai shita | |
| Conjunctive | 及第して | きゅうだいして | kyūdai shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 及第すれば | きゅうだいすれば | kyūdai sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
Antonyms
- 落第する (rakudai suru)
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN