敞

敞	U+655E, 敞 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-655E

← 敝
[U+655D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

敟 →
[U+655F]

Translingual

Han character

敞 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 火月人大 (FBOK) or 難火月人大 (XFBOK), four-corner 9824₀, composition ⿰尚攵(GHTV) or ⿰尙攵(JK))

Derived characters

僘, 幤, 㢢, 氅, 厰, 廠

Additional Derived Characters

𭜂, 𢠵, 𱨬, 𤢄, 𭧨, 𣚿, 𤏮, 𦒚, 𩞥, 𭏭, 𢢌, 𧝟, 𦦢, 𠔷, 𣀴, 𩻪, 𪅶, 𫠝, 𪛆, 𮑇, 𤺲

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 472, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13246
Dae Jaweon: page 825, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1467, character 3
Unihan data for U+655E

Chinese

simp. and trad.		敞
alternative forms		僘

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 敞
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (尚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
當	taːŋ, taːŋs
襠	*taːŋ
鐺	taːŋ, sʰraːŋ
簹	*taːŋ
璫	*taːŋ
檔	taːŋ, taːŋs
儅	taːŋ, taːŋs
蟷	*taːŋ
擋	taːŋʔ, taːŋs
黨	taːŋʔ, tʰaːŋʔ
讜	*taːŋʔ
欓	*taːŋʔ
譡	*taːŋs
闣	*taːŋs
瓽	*taːŋs
鏜	*tʰaːŋ
闛	tʰaːŋ, daːŋ
鼞	*tʰaːŋ
曭	*tʰaːŋʔ
儻	tʰaːŋʔ, tʰaːŋs
戃	*tʰaːŋʔ
矘	*tʰaːŋʔ
爣	*tʰaːŋʔ
攩	hl'aːŋʔ, ɦʷlaːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋs
淌	*tʰaːŋʔ
倘	*tʰaːŋʔ
躺	*tʰaːŋʔ
趟	tʰaːŋs, rtaːŋ, *rtaːŋs
堂	*daːŋ
坣	*daːŋ
棠	*daːŋ
糛	*daːŋ
螳	*daːŋ
隚	*daːŋ
橖	*daːŋ
掌	*tjaŋʔ
廠	tʰjaŋʔ, tʰjaŋs
敞	*tʰjaŋʔ
僘	*tʰjaŋʔ
氅	*tʰjaŋʔ
常	*djaŋ
嘗	*djaŋ
裳	*djaŋ
徜	*djaŋ
尚	djaŋ, djaŋs
甞	*djaŋ
鋿	*djaŋ
嫦	*djaŋ
償	djaŋ, djaŋs
賞	*hjaŋʔ
瞠	*rtʰaːŋ
撐	*rtʰaːŋ
樘	*rtʰaːŋ
橕	*rtʰaːŋ
牚	*rtʰaːŋs
埫	*tʰoŋʔ

Etymology

Compare Tibetan ཐང (thang, “plain; flatland”) (Coblin, 1986). From this, one can reconstruct Proto-Sino-Tibetan *taŋ (“open, spacious”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chǎng (chang³)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cong²
Hakka (Changting, Changting Pinyin): chông³
Eastern Min (BUC): chiōng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chhióng / chhiáng

(Teochew, Peng'im): ciang²
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tshan

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chǎng
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chǎng
  - Wade–Giles: chʻang³
  - Yale: chǎng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chaang
  - Palladius: чан (čan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: cong²
  - Yale: chóng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsong²
  - Guangdong Romanization: cong²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔːŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Changting)
  - Changting Pinyin: chông³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰɔŋ⁴²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chiōng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuoŋ³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhióng
  - Tâi-lô: tshióng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chiorng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiáng
  - Tâi-lô: tshiáng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chiarng
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiaŋ⁵³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ciang²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiaŋ⁵²/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tshan
  - MiniDict: tshan^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tshan
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰã³⁴/

Middle Chinese: tsyhangX

Rime
Character	敞
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	昌 (24)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	昌兩切
Baxter	tsyhangX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕʰɨɐŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʰiɐŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕʰiɑŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cʰɨaŋ^X/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕʰiaŋ^X/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕʰĭaŋ^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕʰi̯aŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chǎng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coeng²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tʰaŋʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*tʰjaŋʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	敞
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chǎng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyhang^X ›
Old Chinese	/*tʰaŋʔ/
English	open, spacious
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	敞
Reading #	1/1
No.	11148
Phonetic component	尚
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*tʰjaŋʔ/

Definitions

敞

spacious; open; broad; roomy
to be open; to leave (something) wide open

Compounds

嘴敞
宏敞
寬敞 / 宽敞
幽敞
張敞畫眉 / 张敞画眉
敞亮 (chǎngliàng)
敞口兒 / 敞口儿
敞地 (chǎngdì)
敞廳 / 敞厅
敞快 (chǎngkuai)
敞怳 (chǎnghuǎng)
敞懷 / 敞怀
敞田
敞笑兒 / 敞笑儿
敞篷車 / 敞篷车 (chǎngpéngchē)
敞車 / 敞车 (chǎngchē)
敞開 / 敞开 (chǎngkāi)
敞開兒 / 敞开儿
明淨敞亮 / 明净敞亮
欒櫨宏敞 / 栾栌宏敞
畫眉張敞 / 画眉张敞
軒敞 / 轩敞 (xuānchǎng)
開敞地 / 开敞地
顯敞 / 显敞 (xiǎnchǎng)
高冠敞袖
高敞

References

“敞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
周存 [Zhōu, Cún], editor (2023), “敞”, in 长汀话词典 CHANGTINGHUA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Changting Dialect] (overall work in Hakka and Mandarin), Guangzhou: 世界图书出版有限公司 [World Book Publishing Co., Ltd.], →ISBN, page 84.

Japanese

Kanji

敞

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: しょう (shō)
Kan-on: しょう (shō)
Kun: たかい (takai)、ほがらか (hogaraka)
Nanori: あきら (akira)、たかし (takashi)、ひさ (hisa)、ひろし (hiroshi)

Korean

Hanja

敞 (eum 창 (chang))

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Vietnamese

Han character

敞: Hán Nôm readings: sưởng

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References

Nom Foundation