轟く

Japanese

Kanji in this term
轟
とどろ Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Etymology

First attested in a piece of 催馬楽 (saibara, “court music”), dated around the 7th century to the 8th century, with the phonetic man'yōgana spelling 止々呂介 (to₂to₂ro₂ke₂).^[1]

Might ultimately derive from a mimetic word; compare とどろ (todoro, “rumble”).^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) とどろく [tòdóróꜜkù] (Nakadaka – [3])^[3]
IPA^(key): [to̞do̞ɾo̞kɯ̟]

Verb

轟(とどろ)く • (todoroku) intransitive godan (stem 轟(とどろ)き (todoroki), past 轟(とどろ)いた (todoroita))

to resound, to reverberate
- 2007, 新時代日漢辭典 / 新时代日汉辞典 (Xīn Shídài Rì-hàn Cídiǎn), 1st edition, 大新書局 / 大新书局 (Dàxīn Shūjú), →ISBN:
  
  会場(かいじょう)に嵐(あらし)のような拍手(はくしゅ)とスローガンを叫(さけ)び声(ごえ)が轟(とどろ)いた
  kaijō ni arashi no yōna hakushu to surōgan o sakebigoe ga todoroita
  The meeting hall roared with thunderous applause and outcry of slogans.
to be agitated
to be famous or well-known
- 2007, 新時代日漢辭典 / 新时代日汉辞典 (Xīn Shídài Rì-hàn Cídiǎn), 1st edition, 大新書局 / 大新书局 (Dàxīn Shūjú), →ISBN:
  
  彼(かれ)の名声(めいせい)は天下(てんか)に轟(とどろ)いている
  kare no meisei wa tenka ni todoroite iru
  His fame reaches across all of the world.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "轟く" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	轟か	とどろか	todoroka
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	轟き	とどろき	todoroki
Shūshikei ("terminal")	轟く	とどろく	todoroku
Rentaikei ("attributive")	轟く	とどろく	todoroku
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	轟け	とどろけ	todoroke
Meireikei ("imperative")	轟け	とどろけ	todoroke
Key constructions
Passive	轟かれる	とどろかれる	todorokareru
Causative	轟かせる轟かす	とどろかせるとどろかす	todorokaseru todorokasu
Potential	轟ける	とどろける	todorokeru
Volitional	轟こう	とどろこう	todorokō
Negative	轟かない	とどろかない	todorokanai
Negative continuative	轟かず	とどろかず	todorokazu
Formal	轟きます	とどろきます	todorokimasu
Perfective	轟いた	とどろいた	todoroita
Conjunctive	轟いて	とどろいて	todoroite
Hypothetical conditional	轟けば	とどろけば	todorokeba

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 “轟”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
^ 轟く／とどろく - Gogen Yurai Jiten (in Japanese)
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJ2-1] 1.0 ^1.1 “轟”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

[2] 轟く／とどろく - Gogen Yurai Jiten (in Japanese)

[DJR-3] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]