長江

See also: 长江

Chinese

	long; length; forever long; length; forever; always; constantly; chief; head; elder; to grow; to develop	river
trad. (長江)	長	江
simp. (长江)	长	江
Literally: “long river”.

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Cháng Jiāng

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄤ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): coeng⁴ gong¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ciang³ gong¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Chhòng-kông
Eastern Min (BUC): Diòng-gĕ̤ng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): Tiông-kang / Tn̂g-kang

(Teochew, Peng'im): ciang⁵ gang¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zan-kaon

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Cháng Jiāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Cháng Jiang
  - Wade–Giles: Chʻang² Chiang¹
  - Yale: Cháng Jyāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Charng Jiang
  - Palladius: Чан Цзян (Čan Czjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: coeng⁴ gong¹
  - Yale: chèuhng gōng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng⁴ gong¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: cêng⁴ gong¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ciang³ gong¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiaŋ²² kɔŋ³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Chhòng-kông
  - Hakka Romanization System: cong^ˇ gong^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cong² gong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ koŋ²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: Diòng-gĕ̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tuoŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^(k-)ŋøyŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tiông-kang
  - Tâi-lô: Tiông-kang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diongkafng
  - IPA (Taipei): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tn̂g-kang
  - Tâi-lô: Tn̂g-kang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dngkafng
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tŋ̍²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ciang⁵ gang¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiâng kang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zan-kaon
  - MiniDict: zan^去 kaon
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zan-kaan
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zã²² kɑ̃⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: drjang kaewng

Rime
Character	長	江
Reading #	1/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	江 (9)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	直良切	古雙切
Baxter	drjang	kaewng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨɐŋ/	/kˠʌŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiɐŋ/	/kᵚɔŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɑŋ/	/kɔŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖɨaŋ/	/kaɨwŋ/
Li Rong	/ȡiaŋ/	/kɔŋ/
Wang Li	/ȡĭaŋ/	/kɔŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯aŋ/	/kɔŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cháng	jiāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coeng⁴	gong¹

Proper noun

長江

Yangtze River
- 孤帆遠影碧空盡，唯見長江天際流。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  孤帆远影碧空尽，唯见长江天际流。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: c. 730, 李白 (Li Bai), 黃鶴樓送孟浩然之廣陵
  Gūfān yuǎn yǐng bìkōng jìn, wéi jiàn Chángjiāng tiānjì liú. [Pinyin]
  A solitary sail's distant image disappears into the blue sky; only the Yangtze River continues to flow towards the horizon.
(～河) Changjiang Creek, the upper course of the Jin River (錦江 / 锦江 (Jǐnjiāng)) in Jiangxi
(～社區) Changjiang (a community in Guanshan, Hongshan district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)

Synonyms

江 (jiāng) (ancient, literary, or abbreviated)
揚子江／扬子江 (Yángzǐ Jiāng) (originally only in reference to the lower reaches)
大江 (dàjiāng) (literary)

Derived terms

長江三峽 / 长江三峡 (Chángjiāng Sānxiá)
長江三角洲 / 长江三角洲 (Chángjiāng Sānjiǎozhōu)
長江中下游平原 / 长江中下游平原 (Chángjiāng Zhōngxiàyóu Píngyuán)
長江天塹 / 长江天堑
長江後浪催前浪，一代新人換舊人 / 长江后浪催前浪，一代新人换旧人
長江後浪推前浪 / 长江后浪推前浪 (Chángjiāng hòulàng tuī qiánlàng)
長江無六月 / 长江无六月

Descendants

→ Manchu: ᡤᠣᠯᠮᡳᠨ
ᡠᠯᠠ (golmin ula) (calque)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
長	江
ちょう Grade: 2	こう Grade: S
on'yomi

From Chinese 長江 / 长江 (Cháng Jiāng, literally “long river”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ちょーこー [chóꜜòkòò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞ːko̞ː]

Noun

長(ちょう)江(こう) • (chōkō) ^{←ちやうかう (tyaukau)^?}

(literal) a long river

Proper noun

長(ちょう)江(こう) • (Chōkō) ^{←ちやうかう (Tyaukau)^?}

the Yangtze River
Synonym: 揚子江 (Yōsukō)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
長	江
なが Grade: 2	え Grade: S
kun'yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [na̠ɡa̠e̞]

Proper noun

長(なが)江(え) • (Nagae)

a surname

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
長	江

Proper noun

長江 • (Janggang) (hangeul 장강)

hanja form^? of 장강 (“Yangtze River”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
長	江

Proper noun

長江

chữ Hán form of Trường Giang (“Yangtze River”)

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK5-2] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-3] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

[2]

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