𐽰𐽰𐽲
Old Uyghur
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Middle Chinese 惡 (ʔak̚, “bad”).
Adjective
𐽰𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾq /aḳ/)
- hated, hateful, despicable
- 𐽰𐽰𐽵𐾄 𐽶𐽰𐽴𐽳𐽲 ― ʾʾẍ yʾzwq /Aḳ yazuḳ./ ― A despicable sin.
Compound terms
- 𐽰𐽰𐽲 𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽿𐽶 (ʾʾq qʾršy /aḳ ḳaršï/, “someone who seeks out quarrels”)
- 𐽰𐽰𐽲 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽶 (ʾʾq yʾqy /aḳ yaġï/, “hated enemy”)
- 𐽰𐽰𐽲 𐽶𐽰𐽴𐽳𐽲 (ʾʾq yʾzwq /aḳ yazuḳ/, “a despicable sin”)
- 𐽰𐽰𐽲 𐽻𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽺𐽽𐾁𐽶𐽲 (ʾʾq sʾqynclyq /aḳ saḳïnčlïġ/, “one with hateful thoughts”)
Derived terms
- 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽶𐽲 (ʾʾqlʾmʾqlyq /aḳlamaḳlïġ/, “with hate”)
- 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽺𐽽𐽶𐽲 (ʾʾqlʾncyq /aḳlančïġ/, “disgusting, irking”)
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Common Turkic *āk (“white”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰀𐰴 (ak), Karakhanid ااقْ (âq).
Adjective
𐽰𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾq /aḳ/)
- white
- 𐽰𐽰𐽵𐾄 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽼𐽶𐽾𐾁𐽰 𐽰𐽰𐽵𐾄 𐽶𐽰𐽺𐽷𐽰
- ʾʾẍ ʾʾt pyrlʾ ʾʾẍ yʾnkʾ
- /Aḳ at birlä aḳ yaŋa./
- A white stallion and a white elephant.
- clear, light
- good, favorable
Compound terms
- 𐽰𐽰𐽲 𐽰𐽰𐽿 (ʾʾq ʾʾš /aḳ aš/, “rice pudding”, literally “white dish”) (thought to be identical to the Turkish dish sütlaç)
- 𐽰𐽰𐽲 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽶𐽲 𐽻𐽰𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽰𐽹 (ʾʾq ʾʾtlyq sʾnkrʾm /Ak Atlïġ Seŋrem/, “Bai Ma Si, (白馬寺)”), first Buddhist temple in China
- 𐽰𐽰𐽲 𐽶𐽰𐽻𐾀𐽳𐽲 (ʾʾq yʾstwq /aḳ yastuḳ/, “silver”, literally “white ingot”)
- 𐽰𐽰𐽲 𐾀𐽰𐽿 (ʾʾq tʾš /aḳ taš/, “chalk”, literally “white stone”)
Derived terms
Descendants
- Western Yugur: aq (aʰq)
Proper noun
𐽰𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾq /Aḳ/)
- a female given name
- 𐽰𐽵𐾄 𐽲𐾄𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺 ― ʾẍ q̈ʾtwn /Aḳ Ḥatun/
See also
| 𐽰𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾq /aḳ/), 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽺𐽷 (ywrwnk /yürüŋ/) | 𐽼𐽳𐽴 (pwz /boz/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk /kök/) | 𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽰 (qʾrʾ /ḳara/) |
| 𐽰𐽰𐾁 (ʾʾl /al/), 𐽲𐽶𐽴𐽶𐾁 (qyzyl /ḳïzïl/) | 𐽰𐽰𐽾 (ʾʾr /ar/), 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽴 (yʾqyz /yaġïz/) | 𐽻𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (sʾryq /sarïġ/) |
| 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk /kök/), 𐽶𐽰𐽿𐽶𐾁 (yʾšyl /yašïl/) | ||
| 𐽽𐽰𐽽 (cʾc /čač/) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk /kök/) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷𐽳𐽿 (kwykwš /köküš/), 𐽾𐽴𐽰𐽱𐽾𐾀 (rzʾβrt /razavart/) |
| 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺 (yypkyn /yipgin/) | 𐽲𐽶𐽴𐽲𐽰𐽺 (qyzqʾn /ḳïzġan/), 𐽻𐽰𐽴𐽲𐽰𐽺 (sʾzqʾn /sazġan/) |
References
- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “aḳ”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 9
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) ak, (2) ak”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, pages 22-23