-esc

Inherited from Vulgar Latin -iscus.

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ˈɛsk]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ˈəsk]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈesk]

-esc (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -esca, masculine plural -escs or -escos, feminine plural -esques)

1. -esque (in the style or manner of)
2. (usually derogatory) -ic (relating or pertinent to)

• -ic

• IPA^(key): /-esk/

Inherited from Late Latin or Vulgar Latin -iscus for older words and the common Romanian surname ending -escu, as well as the place name suffix -ești formed from the plural. Based on French -esque for many newer words or neologisms, which appear after the mid-19th century.

-esc m (feminine singular -ească, plural -ești, adverbial -ește)

1. -esque, -ish (used with a root to form adjectives)

• -ește (adverbial form)

(Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?) A form of the infix -esc-, from Latin -ēscō (and -ēscunt in the case of the third-person plural). Cognates include Aromanian -escu, Italian -isco, -iscono, Spanish -ezco, -ecen, Catalan -eixo, -eixen.

• -ăsc

-esc

1. Used with a stem to form the first-person singular and third-person plural present of most regular -i (fourth conjugation) verbs. E.g. unesc, tușesc, feresc, pățesc, urăsc.

• -ești
• -ește

• “-esc”, in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language) (in Romanian), 2004–2025