Reconstruction:Latin/iuxtare

This Latin entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Latin

Etymology

From iuxta (“close to”, preposition) +‎ -āre (verb-forming suffix).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /josˈtare/

Verb

*iuxtāre (Proto-Italo-Western-Romance)?

to put alongside, to juxtapose

Reconstruction notes

Certain descendants show a /u/ (or /y/) taken from reflexes of jūstus.

Attested in French from ca. 1100 CE (Song of Roland)^[1] and Catalan from ca. 1270 (Llibre de contemplació).^[2]

Descendants

Italo-Romance:
- Italian: giustare (“put alongside, adapt”) (archaic, regional), ⇒ aggiustare (“repair, adjust”)
Gallo-Romance:
- Northern:
  - ⇒ Franco-Provençal: ajoutar, ajoutô, azhoutô, ajoutâ
  - Old French: joster (“battle, joust”), ⇒ ajoster (“add”)
    - French: jouter (“joust”), ⇒ jouxter (“be close to”) (semi-latinized), ⇒ ajouter (“add”)
    - Norman: joster (“play”), ⇒ jostoux (“happy”), ⇒ ajoûter (“add”)
    - → English: joust, ⇒ adjust (latinized)
    - → Italian: giostrare (“joust”)
- Southern:
  - Catalan: justar, ⇒ ajustar
    - → Spanish: ayustar (“splice (rope)”)
  - Old Occitan: jostar, ⇒ ajostar
    - Occitan: justar, ajustar
    - → Portuguese: justar (“joust”)
    - → Spanish: justar (“joust”)

References

Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “*jŭxtare”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 5: J L, page 99

^ “jouter”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
^ “justar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

[1] “jouter”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

[2] “justar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

[1]

[2]