Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/bodyā

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Pokorny's derivation from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewdʰ- (“to be awake”) is questioned by Matasović[1] and Schrijver for semantic reasons. Schrijver instead brings up the alternative *bʰed- (“to make better”) as the root.[2]

Noun

*bodyā f

  1. satisfaction
  2. pleasure

Inflection

Feminine ā-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *bodyā *bodyai *bodyās
vocative *bodyā *bodyai *bodyās
accusative *bodyam *bodyai *bodyāns
genitive *bodyās *bodyous *bodyom
dative *bodyāi *bodyābom *bodyābos
locative *bodyai *? *?
instrumental *? *bodyābim *bodyābis

Reconstruction notes

The formations of the descendant forms are unclear.

  • Schrijver prefers to unite the Brittonic and Goidelic forms under one form *bodyā. *-yā regularly disappears without a trace in Brittonic while yielding -e in Goidelic. The masculine gender of the Brittonic words would have to be secondary in this case.
  • Matasović would rather reconstruct a base *bodos for the Brittonic masculine words, and derives buide from an *-iyā of this base.

Schrijver's reconstruction is adopted here out of simplicity.

Descendants

  • Proto-Brythonic: *boð m
    • Cornish: both
    • Middle Welsh: bodd, bot, bod
    • ⇒ Proto-Brythonic: *boðlọn (“content, satisfied”)
      • Old Breton: bodlon
      • ⇒ Old Welsh: anbodlaun
      • Middle Welsh: boðlawn, botlawn
  • Old Irish: buide (“gratitude”)
    • Irish: buí (“thanks”)
    • Scottish Gaelic: buidhe (“thanks”)
    • ⇒ Manx: booise

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*bodo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 70
  2. ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, pages 260-264
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