Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/sweidus

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

U-stem derivative of Proto-Indo-European *sweyd- (“to sweat”).[1]

Noun

*sweidus m[1]

  1. swelling

Inflection

Masculine/feminine u-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *sweidus *sweidū *sweidowes
vocative *sweidu *sweidū *sweidūs
accusative *sweidum *sweidū *sweiduns
genitive *sweidous *sweidous *sweidowom
dative *sweidou *sweidubom *sweidubos
locative *? *? *?
instrumental *sweidū *sweidubim *sweidubis

Reconstruction notes

  • Matasović reconstructs *sweidus only for Goidelic based on the genitive singular siada there, but there is no phonetic reason why the Brittonic nouns cannot also come from this u-stem.
  • The unlenited -d-, -t- in Goidelic is irregular. It is probably due to the influence of derivatives of *swizdeti (“to blow”).

Descendants

  • Proto-Brythonic: *hwuɨð
    • Breton: c'hwez (“air used to inflate something, swelling, vanity”)
      • ⇒ Breton: c'hwezañ
    • Middle Welsh: chwyd
  • Goidelic:

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*swēd-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 362
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