Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/airiwakraz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *airi (“early”) +‎ *wakraz (“awake, watchful”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɑi̯ri.ˌwɑk.rɑz/

Adjective

*airiwakraz[1]

  1. early-awake

Inflection

Declension of *airiwakraz (a-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *airiwakraz *airiwakrō *airiwakrą, *-at(ō) *airiwakrai *airiwakrôz *airiwakrō
accusative *airiwakranǭ *airiwakrǭ *airiwakrą, *-at(ō) *airiwakranz *airiwakrōz *airiwakrō
genitive *airiwakras, *airiwakris *airiwakraizōz *airiwakras, *airiwakris *airiwakraizǫ̂ *airiwakraizǫ̂ *airiwakraizǫ̂
dative *airiwakrammai *airiwakraizōi *airiwakrammai *airiwakraimaz *airiwakraimaz *airiwakraimaz
instrumental *airiwakranō *airiwakraizō *airiwakranō *airiwakraimiz *airiwakraimiz *airiwakraimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *airiwakrô *airiwakrǭ *airiwakrô *airiwakraniz *airiwakrōniz *airiwakrōnō
accusative *airiwakranų *airiwakrōnų *airiwakrô *airiwakranunz *airiwakrōnunz *airiwakrōnō
genitive *airiwakriniz *airiwakrōniz *airiwakriniz *airiwakranǫ̂ *airiwakrōnǫ̂ *airiwakranǫ̂
dative *airiwakrini *airiwakrōni *airiwakrini *airiwakrammaz *airiwakrōmaz *airiwakrammaz
instrumental *airiwakrinē *airiwakrōnē *airiwakrinē *airiwakrammiz *airiwakrōmiz *airiwakrammiz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *airiwak(k)r
    • Old High German: ērwackar
  • Old Norse: árvakr
    • Icelandic: árvakur

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*airi-wakraz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 9
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