Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/alaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɑ.lɑ.nɑ̃/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂életi, from *h₂el- (to raise, feed, nourish).[1] Cognate with Latin alō (nourish, verb).[1][2]

Verb

*alaną[2][3][4]

  1. to grow
  2. to grow old, to mature
  3. to breed
Inflection
Conjugation of (strong class 6)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *alō *alaų *alai ?
2nd singular *alizi *alaiz *al *alazai *alaizau
3rd singular *alidi *alai *aladau *aladai *alaidau
1st dual *alōz *alaiw
2nd dual *aladiz *alaidiz *aladiz
1st plural *alamaz *alaim *alandai *alaindau
2nd plural *alid *alaid *alid *alandai *alaindau
3rd plural *alandi *alain *alandau *alandai *alaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *ōl *ōlį̄
2nd singular *ōlt *ōlīz
3rd singular *ōl *ōlī
1st dual *ōlū *ōlīw
2nd dual *ōludiz *ōlīdiz
1st plural *ōlum *ōlīm
2nd plural *ōlud *ōlīd
3rd plural *ōlun *ōlīn
present past
participles *alandz *alanaz
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *alan
    • Old English: alan
  • Proto-Norse:
  • Gothic: 𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽 (alan)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁elh₂- (to drive, move, go). Compare Ancient Greek ἐλαύνω (elaúnō, move), Latin alacer (lively, active, brisk). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Verb

*alaną

  1. to spurn, kick-start, drive, set in motion, move
Inflection
Conjugation of (strong class 6)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *alō *alaų *alai ?
2nd singular *alizi *alaiz *al *alazai *alaizau
3rd singular *alidi *alai *aladau *aladai *alaidau
1st dual *alōz *alaiw
2nd dual *aladiz *alaidiz *aladiz
1st plural *alamaz *alaim *alandai *alaindau
2nd plural *alid *alaid *alid *alandai *alaindau
3rd plural *alandi *alain *alandau *alandai *alaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *ōl *ōlį̄
2nd singular *ōlt *ōlīz
3rd singular *ōl *ōlī
1st dual *ōlū *ōlīw
2nd dual *ōludiz *ōlīdiz
1st plural *ōlum *ōlīm
2nd plural *ōlud *ōlīd
3rd plural *ōlun *ōlīn
present past
participles *alandz *alanaz
Usage notes
  • This verb is not directly attested in any daughter languages. It is evinced only by possible derivatives and related terms.
Derived terms

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Philippa, Marlies, Debrabandere, Frans, Quak, Arend, Schoonheim, Tanneke, van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) “oud”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands[1] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
  2. 2.0 2.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*alan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 19
  3. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*alanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 12
  4. ^ Seebold, Elmar (1970) “AL-A-”, in Vergleichendes und etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen starken Verben (Janua Linguarum. Series practica; 85) (in German), Paris, Den Haag: Mouton, →ISBN, page 75