Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bangōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

  • *bungōną, *bankōną, *bunkōną

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰen- (“to hit, strike, injure”) or *bʰe(n)g- (“to smash, break”)[1]; ultimately onomatopoeic.

Verb

*banganą, *bangōną

  1. to bang; pound; beat

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *bangō *bangǭ — *bangōi ?
2nd singular *bangōsi *bangōs *bangō *bangōsai *bangōsau
3rd singular *bangōþi *bangō *bangōþau *bangōþai *bangōþau
1st dual *bangōs *bangōw — — —
2nd dual *bangōþiz *bangōþiz *bangōþiz — —
1st plural *bangōmaz *bangōm — *bangōnþai *bangōnþau
2nd plural *bangōþ *bangōþ *bangōþ *bangōnþai *bangōnþau
3rd plural *bangōnþi *bangōn *bangōnþau *bangōnþai *bangōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *bangōdǭ *bangōdēdį̄
2nd singular *bangōdēz *bangōdēdīz
3rd singular *bangōdē *bangōdēdī
1st dual *bangōdēdū *bangōdēdīw
2nd dual *bangōdēdudiz *bangōdēdīdiz
1st plural *bangōdēdum *bangōdēdīm
2nd plural *bangōdēdud *bangōdēdīd
3rd plural *bangōdēdun *bangōdēdīn
present past
participles *bangōndz *bangōdaz

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *bangōn
    • Old English: *bangian
      • Middle English: *bangen; >? bonchen, bunchen
    • Old Frisian: *bangia, *bongia, *bunkia, *bonkia
      • Saterland Frisian: boangje; >? bunkje
      • West Frisian: bonkje
    • Old Saxon: *bangōn
    • >? Old Dutch: *bungon, *bonkon
    • Old High German: bangōn, *bankan, *bankōn
  • Old Norse: banga

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*banʒōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 35
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