Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bisaulijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *bi- +‎ *saulijaną.

Verb

*bisaulijaną

  1. to make dirty, defile, pollute

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *bisaulijō *bisaulijaų *bisaulijai ?
2nd singular *bisaulīsi *bisaulijais *bisaulī *bisaulijasai *bisaulijaisau
3rd singular *bisaulīþi *bisaulijai *bisaulijaþau *bisaulijaþai *bisaulijaiþau
1st dual *bisaulijōs *bisaulijaiw
2nd dual *bisaulijaþiz *bisaulijaiþiz *bisaulijaþiz
1st plural *bisaulijamaz *bisaulijaim *bisaulijanþai *bisaulijainþau
2nd plural *bisaulīþ *bisaulijaiþ *bisaulīþ *bisaulijanþai *bisaulijainþau
3rd plural *bisaulijanþi *bisaulijain *bisaulijanþau *bisaulijanþai *bisaulijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *bisaulidǭ *bisaulidēdį̄
2nd singular *bisaulidēz *bisaulidēdīz
3rd singular *bisaulidē *bisaulidēdī
1st dual *bisaulidēdū *bisaulidēdīw
2nd dual *bisaulidēdudiz *bisaulidēdīdiz
1st plural *bisaulidēdum *bisaulidēdīm
2nd plural *bisaulidēdud *bisaulidēdīd
3rd plural *bisaulidēdun *bisaulidēdīn
present past
participles *bisaulijandz *bisaulidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *bisaulijan
    • Old English: *besīelan, *besȳlan
    • Old Saxon: *bisōlian
      • Middle Low German: besö̂len
        • German Low German: besölen
  • Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (bisauljan)