Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/saulijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *saulijǭ (“filth, manure”) or directly from its antecedent Proto-Indo-European *sowl-, a metathetic alteration of *solw- (“dusky, dirty, grey”).

Verb

*saulijaną

  1. to make dirty, soil

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *saulijō *saulijaų — *saulijai ?
2nd singular *saulīsi *saulijais *saulī *saulijasai *saulijaisau
3rd singular *saulīþi *saulijai *saulijaþau *saulijaþai *saulijaiþau
1st dual *saulijōs *saulijaiw — — —
2nd dual *saulijaþiz *saulijaiþiz *saulijaþiz — —
1st plural *saulijamaz *saulijaim — *saulijanþai *saulijainþau
2nd plural *saulīþ *saulijaiþ *saulīþ *saulijanþai *saulijainþau
3rd plural *saulijanþi *saulijain *saulijanþau *saulijanþai *saulijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *saulidǭ *saulidēdį̄
2nd singular *saulidēz *saulidēdīz
3rd singular *saulidē *saulidēdī
1st dual *saulidēdū *saulidēdīw
2nd dual *saulidēdudiz *saulidēdīdiz
1st plural *saulidēdum *saulidēdīm
2nd plural *saulidēdud *saulidēdīd
3rd plural *saulidēdun *saulidēdīn
present past
participles *saulijandz *saulidaz

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *saulijan
    • Old Saxon: *sōlian
      • Middle Low German: sö̂len
        • German Low German: sölen
    • Old Dutch: *sōlen
      • Middle Dutch: solen, soelen
  • Old Norse: *seyla
  • Gothic: *𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*sauljan)
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