Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/galdijaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

  • *galdaz

Etymology

Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (to cut) or *gʰel- (to shout, sing, charm) via a sense of "bewitched/cursed (with infertility)".

Adjective

*galdijaz

  1. unfruitful, barren, infertile

Inflection

Declension of *galdijaz (ja-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *galdijaz *galdijō *galdiją, *-at(ō) *galdijai *galdijôz *galdijō
accusative *galdijanǭ *galdijǭ *galdiją, *-at(ō) *galdijanz *galdijōz *galdijō
genitive *galdijas, *galdīs *galdijaizōz *galdijas, *galdīs *galdijaizǫ̂ *galdijaizǫ̂ *galdijaizǫ̂
dative *galdijammai *galdijaizōi *galdijammai *galdijaimaz *galdijaimaz *galdijaimaz
instrumental *galdijanō *galdijaizō *galdijanō *galdijaimiz *galdijaimiz *galdijaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *galdijô *galdijǭ *galdijô *galdijaniz *galdijōniz *galdijōnō
accusative *galdijanų *galdijōnų *galdijô *galdijanunz *galdijōnunz *galdijōnō
genitive *galdīniz *galdijōniz *galdīniz *galdijanǫ̂ *galdijōnǫ̂ *galdijanǫ̂
dative *galdīni *galdijōni *galdīni *galdijammaz *galdijōmaz *galdijammaz
instrumental *galdīnē *galdijōnē *galdīnē *galdijammiz *galdijōmiz *galdijammiz

Derived terms

  • *gelþō

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *galdī
  • Old Norse: geldr, *galdr
    • Icelandic: geldur
    • Faroese: geldur
    • Old Swedish: galder
    • Norwegian Bokmål: gold
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: gold
    • Danish: gold
    • Middle English: gelde, gealde, geld
      • English: geld (now dialectal)
      • Scots: geld