Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gellaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to shout”), possibly with contamination from a marginally attested iterative *gullōną, although Kroonen suggests the strong verb was back-formed to the iterative.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɣel.lɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*gellaną[1][2]

  1. to shout, to yell

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 3)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *gellō *gellaų — *gellai ?
2nd singular *gillizi *gellaiz *gell *gellazai *gellaizau
3rd singular *gillidi *gellai *gelladau *gelladai *gellaidau
1st dual *gellōz *gellaiw — — —
2nd dual *gelladiz *gellaidiz *gelladiz — —
1st plural *gellamaz *gellaim — *gellandai *gellaindau
2nd plural *gillid *gellaid *gillid *gellandai *gellaindau
3rd plural *gellandi *gellain *gellandau *gellandai *gellaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *gall *gullį̄
2nd singular *gallt *gullīz
3rd singular *gall *gullī
1st dual *gullū *gullīw
2nd dual *gulludiz *gullīdiz
1st plural *gullum *gullīm
2nd plural *gullud *gullīd
3rd plural *gullun *gullīn
present past
participles *gellandz *gullanaz

Descendants

  • Old English: ġiellan
  • Old Saxon: *gellan
    • Middle Low German: gellen
      • German Low German: gielen
  • Old Dutch: *gellan
  • Old High German: gellan
  • Old Norse: gella, gjalla

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*gellan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 174
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*ʒellanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 131
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