|
|
This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
|
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *yugóm.
Pronunciation
Noun
*juką n[1][2]
- yoke
Inflection
Declension of *juką (neuter a-stem)
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*juką
|
*jukō
|
| vocative
|
*juką
|
*jukō
|
| accusative
|
*juką
|
*jukō
|
| genitive
|
*jukas, *jukis
|
*jukǫ̂
|
| dative
|
*jukai
|
*jukamaz
|
| instrumental
|
*jukō
|
*jukamiz
|
Derived terms
- *jeuką
- *jukǭ
- ⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰-𐌾𐌿𐌺𐍉 (ga-jukō, “female companion; parable”)
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *juk
- Old English: ġeoc, ġioc, ioc
- Middle English: yok, ȝocke, ȝok, ȝoke, ȝook, ȝoocke, jok, yoke, yokke, ȝeoce, ȝocc, iuc (Early Middle English)
- Old Frisian: *juk, *jok
- Saterland Frisian: Juk
- West Frisian: jok, jûk
- Old Saxon: *juk
- Middle Low German: juk, jok
- Low German: Jok
- German Low German: Jok, Jog
- Plautdietsch: Joch
- Old Dutch: *juk
- Middle Dutch: joc, juc
- Dutch: juk
- Limburgish: jaok
- Old High German: joh
- Old Norse: ok
- Icelandic: ok
- Faroese: ok
- Norwegian: åk
- Old Swedish: uk, ok
- Danish: åg
- Elfdalian: uok
- Gutnish: uk
- Gothic: 𐌾𐌿𐌺 (juk)
References
- ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*jukan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 207
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*juka-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 274