Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kalzōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Possibly derived from an unattested noun *kalzaz, cognate with Proto-Balto-Slavic *galsas (“voice”), from a hypothetical Proto-Indo-European *golsos, from a root *gel(H)- (“to vocalize, call, shout”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkɑl.zɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*kalzōną

  1. to call, shout

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *kalzō *kalzǭ — *kalzōi ?
2nd singular *kalzōsi *kalzōs *kalzō *kalzōsai *kalzōsau
3rd singular *kalzōþi *kalzō *kalzōþau *kalzōþai *kalzōþau
1st dual *kalzōs *kalzōw — — —
2nd dual *kalzōþiz *kalzōþiz *kalzōþiz — —
1st plural *kalzōmaz *kalzōm — *kalzōnþai *kalzōnþau
2nd plural *kalzōþ *kalzōþ *kalzōþ *kalzōnþai *kalzōnþau
3rd plural *kalzōnþi *kalzōn *kalzōnþau *kalzōnþai *kalzōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *kalzōdǭ *kalzōdēdį̄
2nd singular *kalzōdēz *kalzōdēdīz
3rd singular *kalzōdē *kalzōdēdī
1st dual *kalzōdēdū *kalzōdēdīw
2nd dual *kalzōdēdudiz *kalzōdēdīdiz
1st plural *kalzōdēdum *kalzōdēdīm
2nd plural *kalzōdēdud *kalzōdēdīd
3rd plural *kalzōdēdun *kalzōdēdīn
present past
participles *kalzōndz *kalzōdaz
  • *kalsōną

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *kalʀōn
  • Old Norse: kalla

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kalzōjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 278-9
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