Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/klankijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *klinganą +‎ *-janą. A variant of *klangijaną that arose due to the influence of an unattested iterative. [1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈklɑŋ.ki.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*klankijaną[1]

  1. to make stick, to make cling

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *klankijō *klankijaų *klankijai ?
2nd singular *klankīsi *klankijais *klankī *klankijasai *klankijaisau
3rd singular *klankīþi *klankijai *klankijaþau *klankijaþai *klankijaiþau
1st dual *klankijōs *klankijaiw
2nd dual *klankijaþiz *klankijaiþiz *klankijaþiz
1st plural *klankijamaz *klankijaim *klankijanþai *klankijainþau
2nd plural *klankīþ *klankijaiþ *klankīþ *klankijanþai *klankijainþau
3rd plural *klankijanþi *klankijain *klankijanþau *klankijanþai *klankijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *klankidǭ *klankidēdį̄
2nd singular *klankidēz *klankidēdīz
3rd singular *klankidē *klankidēdī
1st dual *klankidēdū *klankidēdīw
2nd dual *klankidēdudiz *klankidēdīdiz
1st plural *klankidēdum *klankidēdīm
2nd plural *klankidēdud *klankidēdīd
3rd plural *klankidēdun *klankidēdīn
present past
participles *klankijandz *klankidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *klankijan
    • Old English: *clenċan
      • Middle English: clenchen
      • Old English: beclencan
    • Old High German: klenken

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*klangjan- ~ *klankjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 291