Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krampô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

According to Pfeifer, related to *krumpaz (“bent, crooked”)).^[1]

Noun

*krampô m

cramp
clasp
Synonym: *klumpô

Inflection

Declension of *krampô (masculine an-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*krampô	*krampaniz
vocative	*krampô	*krampaniz
accusative	*krampanų	*krampanunz
genitive	*krampiniz	*krampanǫ̂
dative	*krampini	*krampammaz
instrumental	*krampinē	*krampammiz

Related terms

*krampaz
*krampijaną
*krimpaną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *krampō
- Old Frisian: *kramp, *kromp
  - Saterland Frisian: Kroamp
  - West Frisian: kramp
- Old Saxon: krampo
  - Middle Low German: krampe
    - German Low German: Kramp
    - → Danish: krampe
    - → Swedish: kramp
      - → Finnish: kramppi
    - → Norwegian: krampe
    - → Icelandic: krampa
    - → German: Krampe
- Old Dutch: *krampa
  - Middle Dutch: crampe
    - Dutch: kramp
      - Afrikaans: kramp
    - → Middle English: crampe, crompe (“metal bar”)
      - English: cramp
- → Old French: cranpe, crampe
  - Middle French: crampe
    - French: crampe
  - → Middle English: crampe, craumpe (“spasm”)
    - Scots: cramp
    - English: cramp
  - → Medieval Latin: crampa
    - → Italian: crampo
    - → Venetan: sgranfo
  - → Galician: grampa
- Old High German: krampfo, krampho, chrampho; chramph
  - Middle High German: cramph, kramph
    - German: Krampf
    - Luxembourgish: Kramp
- Lombard: ranf
Gothic: *𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌼𐍀𐌰 (*krampa)
- → Galician: cambra
- → Portuguese: cãibra, câimbra
- → Spanish: calambre

References

^ Wolfgang Pfeifer, editor (1993), “Krampf”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen (in German), 2nd edition, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN

[1] Wolfgang Pfeifer, editor (1993), “Krampf”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen (in German), 2nd edition, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN

[1]