Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krankijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *krankaz (“bent, crooked, weak”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkraŋ.ki.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*krankijaną[1]

  1. to make weak, worse

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *krankijō *krankijaų — *krankijai ?
2nd singular *krankīsi *krankijais *krankī *krankijasai *krankijaisau
3rd singular *krankīþi *krankijai *krankijaþau *krankijaþai *krankijaiþau
1st dual *krankijōs *krankijaiw — — —
2nd dual *krankijaþiz *krankijaiþiz *krankijaþiz — —
1st plural *krankijamaz *krankijaim — *krankijanþai *krankijainþau
2nd plural *krankīþ *krankijaiþ *krankīþ *krankijanþai *krankijainþau
3rd plural *krankijanþi *krankijain *krankijanþau *krankijanþai *krankijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *krankidǭ *krankidēdį̄
2nd singular *krankidēz *krankidēdīz
3rd singular *krankidē *krankidēdī
1st dual *krankidēdū *krankidēdīw
2nd dual *krankidēdudiz *krankidēdīdiz
1st plural *krankidēdum *krankidēdīm
2nd plural *krankidēdud *krankidēdīd
3rd plural *krankidēdun *krankidēdīn
present past
participles *krankijandz *krankidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *krankijan
    • Old Frisian: krenza, krinza
      • (Saterland Frisian: kroanke, kroankje)
      • West Frisian: kringe, (krinke)
    • Old Saxon: *krenkian
    • Old Dutch: *crenken
      • Middle Dutch: crenken
    • Old High German: *kranken
  • Old Norse: krenkja (possible borrowing from Middle Low German or Middle Dutch)

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*krankjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 221
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