Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kwerraną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Kroonen reconstructs Proto-Indo-European thematic present *gʷérh₃-e-ti,[1] from *gʷerh₃- (“to devour”) + *-eti, yet doesn't explain the geminated *-rr-. Possibly instead a secondary strong verb to lost iterative *kurrōną, from earlier paradigm *kurrōþi ~ *kurunanþi, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₃-néh₂-ti ~ *gʷr̥h₃-n̥h₂-énti, from *gʷerh₃- (“to devour”) + *-néh₂ti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkʷer.rɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *kwerrō | *kwerraų | — | *kwerrai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *kwirrizi | *kwerraiz | *kwerr | *kwerrazai | *kwerraizau | |
| 3rd singular | *kwirridi | *kwerrai | *kwerradau | *kwerradai | *kwerraidau | |
| 1st dual | *kwerrōz | *kwerraiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *kwerradiz | *kwerraidiz | *kwerradiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *kwerramaz | *kwerraim | — | *kwerrandai | *kwerraindau | |
| 2nd plural | *kwirrid | *kwerraid | *kwirrid | *kwerrandai | *kwerraindau | |
| 3rd plural | *kwerrandi | *kwerrain | *kwerrandau | *kwerrandai | *kwerraindau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *kwar(r) | *kurrį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *kwar(r)t | *kurrīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *kwar(r) | *kurrī | ||||
| 1st dual | *kurrū | *kurrīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *kurrudiz | *kurrīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *kurrum | *kurrīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *kurrud | *kurrīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *kurrun | *kurrīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *kwerrandz | *kurranaz | ||||
Reconstruction notes
Attested only in the past participle in Old English, but the verb itself must have lasted long enough for kw- to be restored in forms with zero-grade.
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kwerþra- 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 318: “unattested strong verb *kwerran- ‘to devour’ < PIE *gʷérh₃-e-”
- ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*kwerranan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 228-229
- ^ Seebold, Elmar (1970) “-KWERR-*A- ‘(schlingen)’”, in Vergleichendes und etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen starken Verben (Janua Linguarum. Series practica; 85) (in German), Paris, Den Haag: Mouton, →ISBN, page 318
- ^ Boutkan, Dirk, Siebinga, Sjoerd (2005) “querka”, in Old Frisian Etymological Dictionary (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 1), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 311: “*kwerranaN”