Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stammaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

An o-grade adjective derived from a lost strong verb *stimmaną, with reconstructed pre-form *stomH-nó-s, from Proto-Indo-European *stemH- (to stop up, push), and probably ultimately related to *stammijaną (to cause to slow) and *stummaz (mute). Potential cognates outside of Germanic include Lithuanian stùmti (to shove, push).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈstɑm.mɑz/

Adjective

*stammaz

  1. stammering

Inflection

Declension of *stammaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *stammaz *stammō *stammą, -atō *stammai *stammôz *stammō
accusative *stammanǭ *stammǭ *stammą, -atō *stammanz *stammōz *stammō
genitive *stammas, -is *stammaizōz *stammas, -is *stammaizǫ̂ *stammaizǫ̂ *stammaizǫ̂
dative *stammammai *stammaizōi *stammammai *stammaimaz *stammaimaz *stammaimaz
instrumental *stammanō *stammaizō *stammanō *stammaimiz *stammaimiz *stammaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *stammô *stammǭ *stammô *stammaniz *stammōniz *stammōnō
accusative *stammanų *stammōnų *stammô *stammanunz *stammōnunz *stammōnō
genitive *stamminiz *stammōniz *stamminiz *stammanǫ̂ *stammōnǫ̂ *stammanǫ̂
dative *stammini *stammōni *stammini *stammammaz *stammōmaz *stammammaz
instrumental *stamminē *stammōnē *stamminē *stammammiz *stammōmiz *stammammiz

Descendants

  • Old English: stamm, stam
  • Old High German: stam
  • Old Norse: stammr, stamr
    • Icelandic: stamr
    • Old Swedish: stamber
  • Gothic: 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌼𐌼𐍃 (stamms)

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*stamma-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 473