Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wahtwō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *wakaną (“to wake, be awake”) +‎ *-þwō.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈwɑxt.wɔː/

Noun

*wahtwō f^[1]

watch, vigil

Inflection

Declension of *wahtwō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*wahtwō	*wahtwôz
vocative	*wahtwō	*wahtwôz
accusative	*wahtwǭ	*wahtwōz
genitive	*wahtwōz	*wahtwǫ̂
dative	*wahtwōi	*wahtwōmaz
instrumental	*wahtwō	*wahtwōmiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *wahtu
- Old Frisian: *wacht
  - Saterland Frisian: Wacht
  - West Frisian: wacht
- Old Saxon: wahta
  - Middle Low German: wachte, wacht
    - German Low German: Wacht
    - → Danish: vagt
    - → Norwegian: vakt
    - → Swedish: vakt
    - → Finnish: vahti
      - → Ingrian: vahti
- Old Dutch: wahta
  - Middle Dutch: wachte
    - Dutch: wacht
- Old High German: wahta
  - Middle High German: wahte
    - Alemannic German: Wacht
      - ⇒ Alemannic German: Biiwacht
        → French: bivouac (see there for further descendants)
    - German: Wacht
      - → Russian: вахта (vaxta) (see there for further descendants)
    - Luxembourgish: Wuecht
    - → Polish: wachta
  - ⇒ Old High German: wahtāri (see there for further descendants)
- → Medieval Latin: wacta (see there for further descendants)
  - Old French: waite, weite
    - → Middle English: waite, wayte
      - English: wait
      - Scots: wait
Gothic: *𐍅𐌰𐌷𐍄𐍅𐌰 (*wahtwa) (or *𐍅𐌰𐌷𐍄𐍅𐍉 (*wahtwō); only the dative plural 𐍅𐌰𐌷𐍄𐍅𐍉𐌼 (wahtwōm) is attested, which is ambiguous)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*waxtwō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 440

[HGE-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*waxtwō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 440

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