Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wirtiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*wertaz ~ *wirtiziz^[1]
*wertiz^[2]

Etymology

Possibly related to *wurt-, the oblique stem of *wrōts (“root”), despite uncertain development of the root vowel. May reflect a back-formed full-grade *werd- from pre-Germanic *wr̥d-, or less likely may reflect an old PIE full-grade *wer(h₂)d- without parallels. Note a similar problem with the Ancient Greek cognate ῥίζα (rhíza).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈwir.tiz/

Noun

*wirtiz m

beerwort
herb; spice

Inflection

Declension of *wirtiz (i-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*wirtiz	*wirtīz
vocative	*wirti	*wirtīz
accusative	*wirtį	*wirtinz
genitive	*wirtīz	*wirtijǫ̂
dative	*wirtī	*wirtimaz
instrumental	*wirtī	*wirtimiz

Related terms

Descendants

Old Saxon: wirt
- Middle Low German: wert, werte
Old Dutch: *wirt
- Middle Dutch: wert; werte
Old High German: wirz
- Middle High German: wirz
Old Norse: virtr
- Icelandic: virtur, virt
- Faroese: virtur
- Norwegian Nynorsk: vørter, vyrter; (dialectal) vyrt, vørt, vurt, vytter
- Norwegian Bokmål: vørter
- Swedish: vört
- Scanian: vert
→ Proto-Finnic: *verdek (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Würze²”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 801: “g. *wertez- (oder -i-) n. ‘Bierwürze, Metwürze’”
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*wertiz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 457

“urt” in Den Danske Ordbog

[1] Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Würze²”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 801: “g. *wertez- (oder -i-) n. ‘Bierwürze, Metwürze’”

[HGE-2] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*wertiz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 457

[1]

[2]