Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵembʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Perhaps from *ǵ-né-bʰ-ti ~ *ǵ-m̥-bʰ-énti, nasal infix of a contested root, *ǵebʰ-, possibly found in Proto-Germanic *kaflaz (“jaw, jowl”), German Kiefer (“jaw”), Proto-Slavic *zȍbь (“fodder, oats”), *zobъ (“peck; beak, mouth; goiter”), Serbo-Croatian gȕbica (“snout, muzzle”), Lithuanian žė̃bti (“jaw, jowl”), Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬟𐬀𐬭𐬆 (zafarə, “mouth”), Proto-Celtic *gobbos (“muzzle, snout”) and, much less securely, a presumed Gaulish *gauta (“cheek”) as the source of Vulgar Latin *ga(v)ota.[1][2] Or, for *ǵnébʰ-, see Old High German knebil, Middle Low German knevel (“short crossbar”), dialectal Swedish knavel (“thin rod”), knabb (“stake”). Conspicuously, however, these are all nouns.

Root

*ǵembʰ-[3]

  1. to bite
  2. to chomp
  3. to crunch

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵembʰ- (4 c, 0 e)
  • *ǵémbʰ-e-ti (thematic present)[3]
    • Proto-Albanian: *dzemba (“to ache”)
      • Albanian: dhemb
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Lithuanian: žembti
      • Proto-Slavic: *zęti[4] (see there for further descendants)
  • *ǵombʰ-éye-ti (causative)[3]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan:
        • Sanskrit: जम्भयति (jambháyati)
      • Proto-Iranian:
        • Younger Avestan: 𐬰𐬆𐬧𐬠𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬜𐬡𐬆𐬨 (zəṇbaiiaδβəm, 2pl.impv.mid.)
  • *ǵómbʰos (“tooth”) (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “g̑ep(h)֊, g̑ebh-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 382
  2. ^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “зоб”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 162-163
  4. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*zęti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 543

Further reading

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