Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/sinȷ́ʰás
Proto-Indo-Iranian
Etymology
An early borrowing from an unknown Central Asian substrate language *sengʰa ~ singʰa. Likely a Wanderwort; compare Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćárguš (not derived from this form), Tocharian A śiśäk, Tocharian B ṣecake, Chinese 狻猊 (MC swan ngej), 獅 (OC *sri), Zhang-Zhung [script needed] (saṅgo), Tibetan སེང་གེ (seng ge), Chechen цӏокъ (cʼoqʼ), among other Caucasian cognates.
A late Proto-Indo-European *sinǵʰós is reconstructable with a cognate Old Armenian ինձ (inj).[1]
Proto-Bantu *ncímbá has a similar form to the Eurasian Wanderwort, but is likely unrelated.
Noun
*sinȷ́ʰás m[2]
Declension
| masculine a-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *sinȷ́ʰás | *sinȷ́ʰā́(w) | *sinȷ́ʰā́s(as) |
| vocative | *sinȷ́ʰa | *sinȷ́ʰā(w) | *sinȷ́ʰās(as) |
| accusative | *sinȷ́ʰám | *sinȷ́ʰā́(w) | *sinȷ́ʰā́ns |
| instrumental | *sinȷ́ʰáH | *sinȷ́ʰáybʰyā(m) | *sinȷ́ʰā́yš |
| ablative | *sinȷ́ʰā́t | *sinȷ́ʰáybʰyā(m) | *sinȷ́ʰáybʰyas |
| dative | *sinȷ́ʰā́y | *sinȷ́ʰáybʰyā(m) | *sinȷ́ʰáybʰyas |
| genitive | *sinȷ́ʰásya | *sinȷ́ʰáyās | *sinȷ́ʰā́naHam |
| locative | *sinȷ́ʰáy | *sinȷ́ʰáyaw | *sinȷ́ʰáyšu |
Descendants
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *sinźʰás
- Sanskrit: सिंह (siṁhá) (see there for further descendants)
References
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][3] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 727
- Witzel, Michael (1999) Aryan and non-Aryan names in Vedic India: data for the linguistic situation, c. 1900-500 BC[4], page 5
- ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2013) “The place of Armenian in the Indo-European language family: the relationship with Greek and Indo-Iranian”, in Journal of Language Relationship[1], number 10, page 90
- ^ Witzel, Michael (1999) Substrate Languages in Old Indo-Aryan (Ṛgvedic, Middle and Late Vedic)[2]