Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/duš-

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš-, from Proto-Indo-European *dus-.

    Prefix

    *duš-[1]

    1. bad
      Antonym: *Hhu-

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Central Iranian
      • Avestan: 𐬛𐬎𐬱- (duš-), 𐬛𐬎𐬲- (duž-)
    • Northestern Iranian:
      • Khotanese: [script needed] (duṣ-)
      • Sogdo-Bactrian:
        • Bactrian: λρου- (lrou-), δρου- (drou-)
    • Northwestern Iranian:
      • Kurdish:
        Central Kurdish: دژ- (dij-)
        Northern Kurdish: dij-, duj-
        Southern Kurdish: دژ- (dij-), دش- (diş-)
      • Proto-Medo-Parthian:
        • Parthian: (/⁠duž-, dōž-; diž-⁠/)
          Manichaean script: 𐫅𐫇𐫋 (dwj), 𐫅𐫏𐫋 (dyj)
          • Old Armenian: դժ- (dž-)
          • Middle Persian: (/⁠duž⁠/)
            Manichaean script: 𐫅𐫇𐫋 (dwj)
            • Classical Persian: دژـ (duž-)
        • Proto-Zaza-Gorani:
    • Southwestern Iranian:
      • Old Persian: 𐎯𐏁- (duš-)
        • Middle Persian: (/⁠duš-⁠/)
          Manichaean script: 𐫅𐫇𐫢 (dwš)
          Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (dwš)
          Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭣𐭥𐭱 (dʿš)
          • Classical Persian: دش (duš-)
            Dari: دش (duš-)
            Iranian Persian: دش (doš-)
            Tajik: душ- (duš-)

    References

    1. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000) “*¹dauš-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 410-419