Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/páyHma

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *páyHma, from Proto-Indo-European *péyh₂-mn̥ ~ *pih₂-mén-s, from *peyh₂- (“to swell (with milk)”) +‎ *-mn̥.^[1]

Noun

*páyHma n

milk
Synonyms: *páyHah, *xšwiptah, *xšiHrám

Inflection

neuter consonant stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*páyHma	*páyHmaniH	*páyHmān
vocative	*páyHma	*páyHmaniH	*páyHmān
accusative	*páyHma	*páyHmaniH	*páyHmān
instrumental	*páyHmanaH	*páyHmabʰyā(m)	*páyHmabʰiš
ablative	*páyHmanh	*páyHmabʰyā(m)	*páyHmabʰyaH
dative	*páyHmanay	*páyHmabʰyā(m)	*páyHmabʰyaH
genitive	*páyHmanh	*páyHmanHāh	*páyHmanaHam
locative	*páyHman(i)	*páyHmanHaw	*páyHmahu

Descendants

Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬉𐬨𐬀𐬥 (paēman, “mother's milk”)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Khotanese: [script needed] (paṃna, “a food”)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Mazanderani: [script needed] (*pam)
  - ⇒ Mazanderani: [script needed] (pambaxardan)
- Parthian: (“cream, fat”)
  Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫏𐫖𐫀𐫅𐫃 (pymʾdg /⁠pēmādag⁠/)
Southwestern Iranian:
- Middle Persian: (“milk”)
  Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (pym /⁠pēm⁠/)
→? Proto-Finno-Ugric: *pejmä (“milk”)
- Proto-Finnic: *piimä (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “pei̯(ə)- pī̆- ,”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 793

[1] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “pei̯(ə)- pī̆- ,”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 793

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