Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-oda

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Perhaps continuing Proto-Balto-Slavic *-adāˀ. Rare suffix with unclear functions. Possibly related with Ancient Greek -άδος (-ádos) in genitive case of feminine nouns, see Παλλάς (Pallás), δορκᾰ́ς (dorkắs).

Suffix

*-oda f[1]

  1. Forming names of the plants
    *aga (“berry”) → *àgoda (“berry”)
    *albʰós (“white”) → *olboda (“goosefoot”)
  2. Forming abstract nouns
    *svobъ (“one's own”) → *svobodà (“freedom”)
    *laga (“something arranged”) → *lagoda (“carelessness, pleasure”)

Declension

Declension of *-oda (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *-oda *-odě *-ody
genitive *-ody *-odu *-odъ
dative *-odě *-odama *-odamъ
accusative *-odǫ *-odě *-ody
instrumental *-odojǫ, *-odǫ** *-odama *-odami
locative *-odě *-odu *-odasъ, *-odaxъ*
vocative *-odo *-odě *-ody

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-oda
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/agoda
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lagoda
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mъrgoda

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2014) “2.11.37 *-oda < *-adā”, in Slavic Nominal Word-formation: Proto-Indo-European Origins and Historical Development (Empirie und Theorie der Sprachwissenschaft; 3), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 153

Further reading

  • Rau, Jeremy (2004) “The Derivational history of the Greek stems in -άδ-”, in Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft, volume 64, pages 137-173
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