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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Form from t-participles or expressive roots ending in -t- with the factive conjugation *-ati or with the emphatic *-jeti (regularly mixed with a-conjugation in aorist and infinitive). Similar to Proto-Slavic *-pati, Proto-Slavic *-kati.
Suffix
*-tati
- Creates onomatopoeic verbs from onomatopoeic nouns in Proto-Slavic *-otъ, Proto-Slavic *-ъtъ, or Proto-Slavic *-ьtъ:
- *klokotъ (“rumble”) → *klokotati (“to rumble, to gurgle”) (a/j-conjugation)
- *groxotъ (“rattle, din”) → *groxotati (“to crash, to rumble”) (a/j-conjugation)
- *ščьbьtъ (“chirp”) → *ščьbьtati (“to twitter, to chirp”) (a/j-conjugation)
- *šьpъtъ (“whisper”) → *šьpъtati (“to whisper”) (a/j-conjugation)
- *rъpъtъ (“grumble, growl”) → *rъpъtati (“to murmur, to complain”)
- *botъ (“slap, hit”) → *botati (“to hammer, to slash”)
- Creates iterative verbs from t-participles or action nouns in Proto-Slavic *-ota:
- Pre-Slavic *orti (“to plow”) → *ortъ → *ortati (“to serve, to struggle with work”)
- *biti (“to beat”) → *bitъ → *bitati (“to manage, to handle a device”)
- *orbъ (“slave, worker”) → *orbota (“work, labor”) → *orbotati (“to work”)
- *kľuti (“to peck”) → *kleveta (“slander”) → *klevetati (“to dream, to hope for”) (a/j-conjugation)
- Creates factive verbs from nouns:
- *xodъ (“move, gait”) → *xodatati (“to mediate, to transmit”)
- *golsъ (“voice”) → *golšatati (“to announce, to proclaim”)
- *mikъ (“slash”) → *mьčьta (“daydream, hope”) → *mьčьtati (“to dream, to hope for”)
Conjugation
Conjugation of
*-tati, *-ta, *-tajetь (
impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *-tanьje
|
*-tati
|
*-tatъ
|
*-talъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*-tanъ
|
*-tajemъ
|
| Active
|
*-tavъ
|
*-taję
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*-taxъ |
*-ta |
*-ta
|
*-tajǫ |
*-taješi |
*-tajetь
|
| Dual
|
*-taxově |
*-tasta |
*-taste
|
*-tajevě |
*-tajeta |
*-tajete
|
| Plural
|
*-taxomъ |
*-taste |
*-tašę
|
*-tajemъ |
*-tajete |
*-tajǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*-taaxъ |
*-taaše |
*-taaše
|
— |
*-taji |
*-taji
|
| Dual
|
*-taaxově |
*-taašeta |
*-taašete
|
*-tajivě |
*-tajita |
—
|
| Plural
|
*-taaxomъ |
*-taašete |
*-taaxǫ
|
*-tajimъ |
*-tajite |
—
|
Less often:
Conjugation of
*-tati, *-ta, *-ťetь (
impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *-tanьje
|
*-tati
|
*-tatъ
|
*-talъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*-tanъ
|
*-ťemъ
|
| Active
|
*-tavъ
|
*-ťę
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*-taxъ |
*-ta |
*-ta
|
*-ťǫ |
*-ťeši |
*-ťetь
|
| Dual
|
*-taxově |
*-tasta |
*-taste
|
*-ťevě |
*-ťeta |
*-ťete
|
| Plural
|
*-taxomъ |
*-taste |
*-tašę
|
*-ťemъ |
*-ťete |
*-ťǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*-taaxъ |
*-taaše |
*-taaše
|
— |
*-ťi |
*-ťi
|
| Dual
|
*-taaxově |
*-taašeta |
*-taašete
|
*-ťivě |
*-ťita |
—
|
| Plural
|
*-taaxomъ |
*-taašete |
*-taaxǫ
|
*-ťimъ |
*-ťite |
—
|
- *-těti (fientive construction)
- *-titi (causative construction)
See also
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: -тати (-tati)
- Belarusian: -таць (-tacʹ)
- Russian: -тать (-tatʹ)
- Ukrainian: -тати (-taty)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic script: -тати (-tati)
- Glagolitic script: -ⱅⰰⱅⰹ (-tati)
- Bulgarian: -там (-tam)
- Macedonian: -та (-ta)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: -тати
- Latin script: -tati
- Slovene: -tati
- West Slavic:
- Czech: -tat
- Polish: -tać
- Slovak: -tať
- Slovincian: *-tac
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: -tać
- Upper Sorbian: -taś