Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grěšьnъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *grěxъ +‎ *-ьnъ.^[1]

Adjective

*grěšьnъ^[1]^[2]

wrong, erroneous

Inflection

Indefinite declension of *grěšьnъ (hard)
singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*grěšьnъ	*grěšьna	*grěšьno
genitive	*grěšьna	*grěšьny	*grěšьna
dative	*grěšьnu	*grěšьně	*grěšьnu
accusative	*grěšьnъ	*grěšьnǫ	*grěšьno
instrumental	*grěšьnomь	*grěšьnojǫ	*grěšьnomь
locative	*grěšьně	*grěšьně	*grěšьně
vocative	*grěšьne	*grěšьno	*grěšьno
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*grěšьna	*grěšьně	*grěšьně
genitive	*grěšьnu	*grěšьnu	*grěšьnu
dative	*grěšьnoma	*grěšьnama	*grěšьnoma
accusative	*grěšьna	*grěšьně	*grěšьně
instrumental	*grěšьnoma	*grěšьnama	*grěšьnoma
locative	*grěšьnu	*grěšьnu	*grěšьnu
vocative	*grěšьna	*grěšьně	*grěšьně
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*grěšьni	*grěšьny	*grěšьna
genitive	*grěšьnъ	*grěšьnъ	*grěšьnъ
dative	*grěšьnomъ	*grěšьnamъ	*grěšьnomъ
accusative	*grěšьny	*grěšьny	*grěšьna
instrumental	*grěšьny	*grěšьnami	*grěšьny
locative	*grěšьněxъ	*grěšьnaxъ	*grěšьněxъ
vocative	*grěšьni	*grěšьny	*grěšьna

Definite declension of *grěšьnъ (hard)
singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*grěšьnъjь	*grěšьnaja	*grěšьnoje
genitive	*grěšьnajego	*grěšьnyję̇	*grěšьnajego
dative	*grěšьnujemu	*grěšьněji	*grěšьnujemu
accusative	*grěšьnъjь	*grěšьnǫjǫ	*grěšьnoje
instrumental	*grěšьnyjimь	*grěšьnǫjǫ	*grěšьnyjimь
locative	*grěšьnějemь	*grěšьněji	*grěšьnějemь
vocative	*grěšьnъjь	*grěšьnaja	*grěšьnoje
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*grěšьnaja	*grěšьněji	*grěšьněji
genitive	*grěšьnuju	*grěšьnuju	*grěšьnuju
dative	*grěšьnyjima	*grěšьnyjima	*grěšьnyjima
accusative	*grěšьnaja	*grěšьněji	*grěšьněji
instrumental	*grěšьnyjima	*grěšьnyjima	*grěšьnyjima
locative	*grěšьnuju	*grěšьnuju	*grěšьnuju
vocative	*grěšьnaja	*grěšьněji	*grěšьněji
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*grěšьniji	*grěšьnyję̇	*grěšьnaja
genitive	*grěšьnъjixъ	*grěšьnъjixъ	*grěšьnъjixъ
dative	*grěšьnyjimъ	*grěšьnyjimъ	*grěšьnyjimъ
accusative	*grěšьnyję̇	*grěšьnyję̇	*grěšьnaja
instrumental	*grěšьnyjimi	*grěšьnyjimi	*grěšьnyjimi
locative	*grěšьnyjixъ	*grěšьnyjixъ	*grěšьnyjixъ
vocative	*grěšьniji	*grěšьnyję̇	*grěšьnaja

Related terms

nouns

*grěxota f (“error”)

verbs

*grěšiti impf (“to err, make mistakes”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: грѣшьнъ (grěšĭnŭ)
  - Old Ruthenian: грѣ́шный (hrě́šnyj)
    - Belarusian: грэ́шны (hréšny)
    - Ukrainian: грі́шний (hríšnyj)
  - Russian: гре́шный (gréšnyj)
- Old Novgorodian: грѣшьне (grěšĭne)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: грѣшьнъ (grěšĭnŭ)
  - Bulgarian: гре́шен (gréšen)
- Macedonian: грешен (grešen)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: гре̏шан, грије̏шан
  
  Latin script: grešan, griješan
- Slovene: gréšen (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hřiešný
  - Czech: hříšný
- Polish: grzeszny
- Pomeranian:
  - Slovincian: grzeszny
- Old Slovak: hréšny, hriešny, hríšny
  - Pannonian Rusyn: гришни (hrišni)
  - Slovak: hriešny
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: grěšny
  - Upper Sorbian: hrěšny

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*grěšьnъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 119
^ Sławski, Franciszek, editor (2001), “grěšьnъ”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 8 (goda – gyža), Wrocław: Ossolineum, →ISBN, page 210

[ESSJa-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*grěšьnъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 119

[2] Sławski, Franciszek, editor (2001), “grěšьnъ”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 8 (goda – gyža), Wrocław: Ossolineum, →ISBN, page 210

[1]

[2]