Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lędo

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *lindá, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“heath, land”). Cognate with Old Prussian lindan (“valley”).

Noun

*lę̑do n[1]

  1. heath, arid land, uncultivated field
    Antonym: *orlьja
  2. (by generalization) meadow, flatland
    Synonyms: *poľe, *orvьnina

Alternative forms

  • *lędъ m
  • *lędь f (i-stem)

Declension

Declension of *lę̑do (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *lę̑do *lę̑dě *lędà
genitive *lę̑da *lędù *lę̃dъ
dative *lę̑du *lędomà *lędòmъ
accusative *lę̑do *lę̑dě *lędà
instrumental *lę̑dъmь, *lę̑domь* *lędomà *lędý
locative *lę̑dě *lędù *lędě̃xъ
vocative *lędo *lę̑dě *lędà

* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

  • *lęděninъ, *lędiťь (“flatland dweller”)
  • *lędina (“barren land”)
  • *lędixa (“meadow”)
  • *lędьskъ (“landish”)
  • *lędokъ (“type of thristle, weed”)
  • *lędà pl

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: лѧдо (lędo)
      • Belarusian: ля́до (ljádo)
      • Russian: ля́до (ljádo) (dialectal)
      • Ukrainian: ля́до (ljádo, “meadow within forest”)
    • Russian: ляд m (ljad, “aridity, dearth”) (dialectal)
    • Old Novgorodian: лѧдь f (lędĭ, “heathland”)
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: ле́да (léda), ля́да (ljáda) (archaic, dialectal)
    • Old Croatian: leđ (“arid, unfruitful land”) (obsolete)
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: lado, łado (alternative writing)
    • Polabian: ľǫdü
    • >? Polish: ląd m (“land”) (more likely a German loanword)
    • Slovak: ladom (instrumental, only in: ležať ladom)
    • Sorbian:

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ляда”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1988), “*lędo/*lęda/*lędъ/*lędь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 15 (*lětina – *lokačь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 44

References

  1. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “ledina”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “pslovan. *lę̑do”
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