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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *pluti + *-iti (causative), from Proto-Indo-European *plew- and/or *pleh₃-. Per Derksen, possibly conflated into *pleh₃(w)-. Cognate with Sanskrit प्लावयति (plāvayati, “to cause to float, to flood”), Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (frāuuaiieiti, “to cause to leave”), and the past-stem of Lithuanian pláuti (“to wash, to rinse”) (1sg. pres. pláuju, 1sg. past plóviau). Further akin to Ancient Greek πλώω (plṓō, “to float, to sail”), Proto-Germanic *flōaną (whence Old Norse flóa (“to flow”), English flow), etc.
Verb
*plàviti[1][2]
- to float, to sail
- to flood
- to wash, to rinse
- to melt
Inflection
Conjugation of *plaviti, *plavi, *plavitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *plavľenьje
|
*plaviti
|
*plavitъ
|
*plavilъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*plavľenъ
|
*plavimъ
|
| Active
|
*plavľь
|
*plavę
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*plavixъ |
*plavi |
*plavi
|
*plavľǫ |
*plaviši |
*plavitь
|
| Dual
|
*plavixově |
*plavista |
*plaviste
|
*plavivě |
*plavita |
*plavite
|
| Plural
|
*plavixomъ |
*plaviste |
*plavišę
|
*plavimъ |
*plavite |
*plavętь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*plavľaaxъ |
*plavľaaše |
*plavľaaše
|
— |
*plavi |
*plavi
|
| Dual
|
*plavľaaxově |
*plavľaašeta |
*plavľaašete
|
*plavivě |
*plavita |
—
|
| Plural
|
*plavľaaxomъ |
*plavľaašete |
*plavľaaxǫ
|
*plavimъ |
*plavite |
—
|
Notes: - (*)*plavivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Descendants
- Old Church Slavonic: плавитися (plavitisja, “to sail”)
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: пла́вя (plávja, “to rinse”) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: плави (plavi, “to rinse, to wash, to flood”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: пла̏вити (“to flood”)
- Latin: plȁviti (“to flood”), ploviti (“to sail”)
- Slovene: plavíti (“to flood, to sail, to melt”) (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Czech: plavit (“to float, to bathe (horses or cattle), to scour, to navigate”)
- Polish: pławić (“to bathe (horses or cattle); (archaic) to melt”), spławić (“to transport by water”)
- Slovak: plaviť (“to float”)
- Sorbian:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пла́вить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “пла̀вя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 290
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*plàviti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 403: “v. (a)”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “plaviti: plavjǫ plavitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a flyde (PR 133)”