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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tuskjas, from *tews- (“to be empty”). Cognate with Latvian tukšs, Lithuanian tùščias, Proto-Indo-Iranian *tusćyás (whence Vedic Sanskrit तुच्छ्य (tucchyá), Persian تهی (tohi)). Vasmer points an origin from proto-Indo-European *tweskʷ- (“desert”), which may be just an enlargement of *tews-. From this root is Latin tesqua.
Adjective
*tъ̀ščь[1][2]
- hollow
Inflection
Indefinite declension of *tъščь (soft)
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*tъščь
|
*tъšča
|
*tъšče
|
| genitive
|
*tъšča
|
*tъščę̇
|
*tъšča
|
| dative
|
*tъšču
|
*tъšči
|
*tъšču
|
| accusative
|
*tъščь
|
*tъščǫ
|
*tъšče
|
| instrumental
|
*tъščemь
|
*tъščejǫ
|
*tъščemь
|
| locative
|
*tъšči
|
*tъšči
|
*tъšči
|
| vocative
|
*tъšču
|
*tъšče
|
*tъšče
|
| dual
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*tъšča
|
*tъšči
|
*tъšči
|
| genitive
|
*tъšču
|
*tъšču
|
*tъšču
|
| dative
|
*tъščema
|
*tъščama
|
*tъščema
|
| accusative
|
*tъšča
|
*tъšči
|
*tъšči
|
| instrumental
|
*tъščema
|
*tъščama
|
*tъščema
|
| locative
|
*tъšču
|
*tъšču
|
*tъšču
|
| vocative
|
*tъšča
|
*tъšči
|
*tъšči
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*tъšči
|
*tъščę̇
|
*tъšča
|
| genitive
|
*tъščь
|
*tъščь
|
*tъščь
|
| dative
|
*tъščemъ
|
*tъščamъ
|
*tъščemъ
|
| accusative
|
*tъščę̇
|
*tъščę̇
|
*tъšča
|
| instrumental
|
*tъšči
|
*tъščami
|
*tъšči
|
| locative
|
*tъščixъ
|
*tъščaxъ
|
*tъščixъ
|
| vocative
|
*tъšči
|
*tъščę̇
|
*tъšča
|
Definite declension of *tъščь (soft)
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*tъščьjь
|
*tъščaja
|
*tъščeje
|
| genitive
|
*tъščajego
|
*tъščę̇ję̇
|
*tъščajego
|
| dative
|
*tъščujemu
|
*tъščiji
|
*tъščujemu
|
| accusative
|
*tъščьjь
|
*tъščǫjǫ
|
*tъščeje
|
| instrumental
|
*tъščijimь
|
*tъščǫjǫ
|
*tъščijimь
|
| locative
|
*tъščijemь
|
*tъščiji
|
*tъščijemь
|
| vocative
|
*tъščьjь
|
*tъščaja
|
*tъščeje
|
| dual
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*tъščaja
|
*tъščiji
|
*tъščiji
|
| genitive
|
*tъščuju
|
*tъščuju
|
*tъščuju
|
| dative
|
*tъščijima
|
*tъščijima
|
*tъščijima
|
| accusative
|
*tъščaja
|
*tъščiji
|
*tъščiji
|
| instrumental
|
*tъščijima
|
*tъščijima
|
*tъščijima
|
| locative
|
*tъščuju
|
*tъščuju
|
*tъščuju
|
| vocative
|
*tъščaja
|
*tъščiji
|
*tъščiji
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*tъščiji
|
*tъščę̇ję̇
|
*tъščaja
|
| genitive
|
*tъščьjixъ
|
*tъščьjixъ
|
*tъščьjixъ
|
| dative
|
*tъščijimъ
|
*tъščijimъ
|
*tъščijimъ
|
| accusative
|
*tъščę̇ję̇
|
*tъščę̇ję̇
|
*tъščaja
|
| instrumental
|
*tъščijimi
|
*tъščijimi
|
*tъščijimi
|
| locative
|
*tъščijixъ
|
*tъščijixъ
|
*tъščijixъ
|
| vocative
|
*tъščiji
|
*tъščę̇ję̇
|
*tъščaja
|
Derived terms
- *tъščeta (“damage”)
- *tъščeslavьje (“vanity”) (late invention in Church Slavonic)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic script: тъщь (tŭštĭ), тъшть (tŭštĭ)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: та̏шт
- Latin script: tȁšt
- Slovene: tə̀šč (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “тощий”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “то́щий”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 254
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*tъ̀ščь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 502: “adj. jo (b) ‘empty’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “tъšč[j]ь tъšč[j]a tъšč[j]e”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b emaciated; empty (NA 125; SA 123; PR 136)”