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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
*xъrkati impf (perfective *xъrknǫti)
- (intransitive) to grunt?, to snore?, to snort?, to wheeze?
- Synonyms: *krękati, *xrapati
Inflection
Conjugation of
*xъrkati, *xъrka, *xъrčetь (
impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *xъrkanьje
|
*xъrkati
|
*xъrkatъ
|
*xъrkalъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*xъrkanъ
|
*xъrčemъ
|
| Active
|
*xъrkavъ
|
*xъrčę
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*xъrkaxъ |
*xъrka |
*xъrka
|
*xъrčǫ |
*xъrčeši |
*xъrčetь
|
| Dual
|
*xъrkaxově |
*xъrkasta |
*xъrkaste
|
*xъrčevě |
*xъrčeta |
*xъrčete
|
| Plural
|
*xъrkaxomъ |
*xъrkaste |
*xъrkašę
|
*xъrčemъ |
*xъrčete |
*xъrčǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*xъrkaaxъ |
*xъrkaaše |
*xъrkaaše
|
— |
*xъrči |
*xъrči
|
| Dual
|
*xъrkaaxově |
*xъrkaašeta |
*xъrkaašete
|
*xъrčivě |
*xъrčita |
—
|
| Plural
|
*xъrkaaxomъ |
*xъrkaašete |
*xъrkaaxǫ
|
*xъrčimъ |
*xъrčite |
—
|
Conjugation of
*xъrkati, *xъrka, *xъrkajetь (
impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *xъrkanьje
|
*xъrkati
|
*xъrkatъ
|
*xъrkalъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*xъrkanъ
|
*xъrkajemъ
|
| Active
|
*xъrkavъ
|
*xъrkaję
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*xъrkaxъ |
*xъrka |
*xъrka
|
*xъrkajǫ |
*xъrkaješi |
*xъrkajetь
|
| Dual
|
*xъrkaxově |
*xъrkasta |
*xъrkaste
|
*xъrkajevě |
*xъrkajeta |
*xъrkajete
|
| Plural
|
*xъrkaxomъ |
*xъrkaste |
*xъrkašę
|
*xъrkajemъ |
*xъrkajete |
*xъrkajǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*xъrkaaxъ |
*xъrkaaše |
*xъrkaaše
|
— |
*xъrkaji |
*xъrkaji
|
| Dual
|
*xъrkaaxově |
*xъrkaašeta |
*xъrkaašete
|
*xъrkajivě |
*xъrkajita |
—
|
| Plural
|
*xъrkaaxomъ |
*xъrkaašete |
*xъrkaaxǫ
|
*xъrkajimъ |
*xъrkajite |
—
|
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: хо́ркаць (xórkacʹ)
- Russian: хо́ркать (xórkatʹ), ха́ркать (xárkatʹ), харка́ть (xarkátʹ)
- Ukrainian: хо́ркати (xórkaty), ха́ркати (xárkaty)
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: хъ́ркам (hǎ́rkam)
- Macedonian: ’рчи (’rči), ’рка (’rka)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: хр́кати
- Latin script: hŕkati
- Slovene: hȓcati, hŕkati (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic
- Czech: chrčet, chrkat
- Old Polish: chrachać
- Silesian: charkać
- Slovak: chrčať
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: charchaś
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “хо́ркать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ха́ркать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress